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Medical Terminology > Unit 3 Word List > Flashcards

Unit 3 Word List Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Chemical signaling molecule

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2
Q

Acetylcholinesterase

A

Enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

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3
Q

Acid

A

Chemical that gives off hydrogen ions

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4
Q

Adenine

A

Molecule found in DNA and RNA, pairs with thymine (DNA) or uracil (RNA)

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5
Q

Adipocyte

A

Fat cell

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6
Q

Aerobic

A

Activity that occurs when oxygen is plentiful

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7
Q

Allele

A

Unit of inheritance

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8
Q

Amphipathic

A

A molecule that partially prefers water and partially repels water

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9
Q

Anabolic

A

Chemical process that makes larger chemicals out of smaller ones

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10
Q

Anaerobic

A

Activity that occurs when oxygen is scarce

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11
Q

Anaphase

A

Stage of cell division where chromosomes are separating

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12
Q

Antibody

A

Protein that defends the body against invaders

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13
Q

Anti parallel

A

Parallel but running in opposite directions like a two lane road

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14
Q

Antiport

A

Transport process that involves molecules moving in opposite directions; exchange

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15
Q

Apical

A

Toward the top

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16
Q

Apocrine

A

Cellular secretion that involves breaking off a piece of the cell

17
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed or preplanned cell death

18
Q

Astrocyte

A

Star-shaped cell of the brain; a type of glial cell

19
Q

Astroglia

A

Star shaped cell of the brain, a type of glial cell (same as astrocyte)

20
Q

Autosome

A

Chromosome that is not involved in sex determination

21
Q

Avascular

A

Without blood vessels

22
Q

Basal

A

Toward the bottom

23
Q

Base pair

A

Adenine-thymine or cytosine-guanine pairs that form the “rungs” of the twisted ladder structure of DNA

24
Q

Bilayer

A

Two layered covering

25
Q

Blastocyst

A

Stage of human embryo where it is a hollow ball of rapidly dividing cells

26
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Molecule consisting of equal parts carbon and water

27
Q

Catabolic

A

Chemical process that makes smaller chemicals out of larger ones

28
Q

Catalyze

A

Speed up a chemical reaction

29
Q

Centriole

A

Organelle that acts as a microtubule organizing center

30
Q

Centromere

A

Part of a chromosome in the center where two DNA molecules touch

31
Q

Cholesterol

A

Important lipid, essential for cell processes

32
Q

Chondrocyte

A

Cartilage cell

33
Q

Chromatine

A

DNA plus RNA plus associated proteins, visible when cells are dyed and viewed through the microscope

34
Q

Chromosome

A

Chromatin visible through microscope in Xshaped packages

Medical Terminology (23 decks)

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