Unit 3: Week 1 Flashcards
Motor control
ability to regulate or direct the mechanism essential to movement
Motor Performance
observable behavior or the execution of a specific motor skill or task
5 motor components of motor performance
speed : slow moving or fast
accuracy : precision of mvmt
efficiency : economy of effort = fewer unnecessary movements (parkour)
consistency : metronome
adaptability : can you do it in multiple environments
why do we use motor performance components in treatment
it provides measurable data to assess progress, the efficasy of interventions, and identify areas for improvement
Motor Learning in Older Popularion
process that leads to a relatively permanent change in and individuals capacity to execute a motor skill or task
changes due to practice or experience rather than growth or aging
phases of motor learning
cognitive
associative
autonomous
Motor changes with aging
decreased muscle mass, slow reaction times, reduced joing mobility
how does motor learning direct treatment
enables development of effective treatment plans, skill acquisition, and long term retention of motor skills
aging changes effect on motor control
reduced movement efficiency, balance and coordination challenges, and increased risk of falls
sensory changes with aging
vision blurs and auditory, tactile, and proprioceptioin systems decrease
reduced visual acuity, decreased hearing sensitivity
decreased hearing effect on motor control
difficulty navigating environements
cant maintain balance,
increased reliance on other sensory systems
perceptual changes with aging
alterations in the processing and interpretation of sensory information due to aging
includes the brains ability to make sense of info from sensory organs like vision, hearing touch
perceptual changes impact on motor control w aging
impaired ability to adapt to changing environments
challenges in perceiving and interpreting sensory cues
cognitive changes with aging
decreased memory , attention, and executive function (decision making, planning, task switching
impact of aging cognitive changes on motor control
difficulty learning new skills (needs more repitition)
challenges in adapting to new envmts
increased reliance on familliar routines (BAD)
Brain injury
stroke , tbi,
neurodegenerative diseases
PD
MS
Alzheimers
Developmental disorders
cerebral palsy
autism spectrum disorder, or developmental coordination disorder
Neurological factorrs affect on motor learning
impaired neural plasticity
difficulty acquiring and retaining motor skills
altered movement strategies
Stroke (CVA) signs
hemiparesis
sensory deficits
cognitive impairments
spasticity
strategies for motor learning for pts w stroke
task specific training.
constraint induced movement therapy: tie back unaffected limb to get them to use the affected one
mental practice: tell your body that youre doing the activity
PArkinsons disease signs
bradykinesia
rigidity
cognitive decline
postural instability
strategies for motor learning for pts w parkinsons
external cueing (visual, auditory, tactile - can help overcome initiation of tasks kinda by distracting them)
High intensity exercise (challenge but safe bc IT PROMOTES NEUROPLASTICITY)
goal directed training
Cerebral Palsy signs
muscle weakness
spasticity
impaired motor planning
sensory defecits
strategies for motor learning for pts w cerebral palsy
task oriented training (practicing specific task over and over)
strength exercises
sensory integration therapy (helps improves processing of information to enhance motor planning)
can a stroke 20 yrs ago affect treatment/plan for a patient
YUP
