Unit 3 - Transport in plants Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the vascular bundle made up of?

A

Xylem and phloem tissue

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2
Q

What are the products of photosynthesis?

A

Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids

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3
Q

Why do plants need water? (5 reasons)

A

-to maintain turgidity of cells
-to transport nutrients around the plant
-to create an aqueous environment for reactions to occur
-to cool plants by evaporation
-for photosynthesis

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4
Q

How is water transported in the plant?

A

Via the xylem

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5
Q

In which part of the root is water taken up?

A

Root hairs

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6
Q

Why does the root have so many root hairs?

A

Increases the surface area able to take up water

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7
Q

What force is created by the bonds between water molecules?

A

Cohesion

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8
Q

What are force is created by the interaction between water molecules and the vessel holding the water?

A

Adhesion

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9
Q

What 3 processes are involved in the movement of water up the stem and through the leaf?

A

-root pressure
-capillarity (the tendency of a liquid in a capillary tube or absorbent material to rise or fall as a result of surface tension)
-cohesion-tension theory

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10
Q

Why is xylem a bundle of very narrow vessels rather than one wide vessel?

A

Greater heights of liquid are achieved in thinner tubes due to capillarity
-with a smaller tube there is a greater contact with the vessel wall compared with the volume of water in the centre
-so greater cohesive forces

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11
Q

Why is transpiration pull referred to as the Cohesion-tension theory?

A

-The cohesive force between water molecules pulls other molecules upwards as it is a continuous stream
-this puts pressure on the column of water
-this inward pressure is called tension

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12
Q

What is the function of lignin in Xylem?

A

It strengthen the walls to resist the forces generated by water moving up the stem

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13
Q

What is crucial about the cell walls of guard cells?

A

-the inner wall is thicker than the outer wall

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14
Q

Give 4 ways plants generally conserve water

A

-waxy cuticle
-stomata on underside of leaf
-closable stomata
-roots that grow down to the water in the soil

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