Unit 3 - Blood and blood vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What is plasma?

A

Liquid component of blood

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2
Q

What is the function of plasma?

A

Transports dissolved substances e.g glucose, amino acids, mineral ions, hormones, albumin and fibrinogens

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3
Q

What are platelets?

A

Small fragments of cells

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4
Q

Which is the function of platelets?

A

Start the process of blood clotting

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5
Q

What is the function of red blood cells?

A

transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide around the blood

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6
Q

What are the functions of blood as a whole?

A

-transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from respiring cells
-transport hormones
-transport nitrogenous waste products from cells to excretory organs
-transporting cells and antibodies involved in the immune response
-helps to maintain steady body temperature
-acts as a buffer to minimise pH changes

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7
Q

Why do arteries need to maintain high pressure of the arteries?

A

So that blood can reach tissues in the body

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8
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

To exchange substances between the blood and tissues

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9
Q

What is the advantage of capillaries being one cell thick?

A

Gives a short diffusion path

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10
Q

What is the advantage of blood flow being slow through capillaries?

A

Gives a longer time for the exchange of substances

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11
Q

Why is the blood flow low pressure through capillaries?

A

Prevents them from bursting
Pressure is spread across many vessels

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12
Q

Why do veins have a wide lumen?

A

To accommodate the large volume of blood carried

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13
Q

Why are valves present in veins?

A

Prevent backflow

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