Unit 3, Topic 9b - Metals Flashcards
What is an ore?
An ore is a naturally occurring compound containing metals
Which metals are found uncombined in the Earth’s crust?
Gold, silver and copper
Why are these metals found uncombined in the crust?
They are unreactive and are more stable as an element
What are the 3 methods for extracting metals from their ores?
Heat alone
Heat + carbon or carbon monoxide
electrolysis
Which metals can be extracted from their ore by heat alone?
Silver and mercury
Write the word equation for the extraction of silver from silver (I) oxide
Silver(I)oxide –? Silver + Oxygen
Write a balanced chemical equation for the extraction of silver from silver (I) oxide
2Ag2O → 4Ag + O2
Write an ion-electron equation for silver.
Ag+ + e → Ag
Some metal ores need to be heated with another substance to extract the metal.
Which substances can be used to extract metals from metal ores?
Carbon or carbon monoxide
Write a word equation for the extraction of a metal from it’s ore using carbon. For example, copper from copper(II)oxide
Copper(II)oxide + Carbon → Copper + Carbon dioxide
Write a balanced chemical equation for the extraction of copper from copper(II)oxide
2CuO + C → 2Cu + CO2
Write an ion electron equation for the formation of copper atoms
Cu2++ 2e- → Cu
Describe reduction and oxidation in terms of electrons.
Reduction (gain of electrons)
Oxidation (loss of electrons)
How are the most reactive metals, such as aluminium obtained from their ores?
Electrolysis
Write the ion electron equation for the reduction of aluminium.
Al3+ + 3e- → Al
