Unit 1, Topic 5a - Acids and Alkalis

Question 1

When metals burn in air or oxygen what type of compound is made?

Answer 1

Metal Oxide

Question 2

Be able to write balanced equations for metals burning in air.

Answer 2

Look at LIs + Booklet

Question 3

What type of solution do metal oxides that dissolve in water tend to produce?

Answer 3

Alkali

Question 4

Do all metal oxides dissolve in water?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Where can you fid out if metal oxides dissolve in water?

Answer 5

Page 8 of the data booklet.

Question 6

Write the names of 2 metal oxides that dissolve in water?

Answer 6

Potassium oxide, Sodium Oxide

Question 7

Write the names of 2 metal oxides that do not dissolve in water?

Answer 7

Aluminium oxide, Zinc oxide.

Question 8

Give the names of the products for the 2 metal oxides that do dissolve.

Answer 8

Potassium oxide giving potassium hydroxide, Sodium oxide giving sodium hydroxide.

Question 9

When non-metals burn in air or oxygen what type of compound is made?

Answer 9

Non-metal oxide

Question 10

Be able to write balanced equations for non-metals elements burning in air.

Answer 10

Look at LIs + Booklet.

Question 11

What type of solution do non-metal oxides that dissolve in water tend to produce?

Answer 11

Acid

Question 12

What is required to enable nitrogen to react with oxygen?

Answer 12

High energy e.g spark, lightning

Question 13

Name the oxide produced when nitrogen reacts with oxygen what oxide is produced?

Answer 13

Nitrogen dioxide.

Question 14

Which acid is produced when Nitrogen Dioxide dissolves in water?

Answer 14

Nitric acid

Question 15

What type of oxide would phosphorus produce?

Answer 15

Acidic

Question 16

What type of oxide would hydrogen produce?

Answer 16

Neutral

Question 17

What type of solution do metal hydroxides that dissolve in water produce?

Answer 17

Alkaline solutions

Question 18

The pH scale is continuous from below _ to above _

Answer 18

1/14

Question 19

What type of solution has a pH less than 7?

Answer 19

Acid or acidic

Question 20

What type of solution has a pH more than 7?

Answer 20

Alkaline or Alkali

Question 21

What pH do pure water and neutral solutions have?

Answer 21

7

Question 22

Name 2 common acids in use home in the laboratory.

Answer 22

Home- Vinegar, lemon juice, soda water, fizzy drinks.

Lab- Hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric

Question 23

Name 2 common alkalis in. use at home and in the laboratory.

Answer 23

Home- Sodium Bicarbonate, toothpaste, dishwater tablets.

Lab- Sodium Hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia

Question 24

What type of solution is formed when ammonia dissolves in water?

Answer 24

alkali

Question 25

Do acids conduct electricity and why?

Answer 25

Yes, they are ionic and the ions are free to move.

Question 26

What type of bonding do alkalis have?

Answer 26

ionic

Question 27

Which gas is always produced at the negative electrode when acids are electrolysed?

Answer 27

Hydrogen

Question 28

Which ion is present in all acid solutions?

Answer 28

H+

Question 29

Which ion is present in all alkaline solutions?

Answer 29

OH-

Question 30

In water and neutral solutions, how don the con concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions compare?

Answer 30

equal

Question 31

How do the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions compare in acidic soloution?

Answer 31

H+ > OH-

Question 32

How do the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions compare in an alkaline solution?

Answer 32

OH- > H+

Question 33

What happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions if an acid is diluted?

Answer 33

It decreases

Question 34

What happens to the pH of hydrogen ions if an acid is diluted?

Answer 34

It decreases towards 7

Question 35

How well does pure water conduct electricity?

Answer 35

Hardly conducts at all, water dissociates or cones very slightly into H+ and OH- ions and these ions are in equilibrium with H20 molecules. There are many more unionised H2) molecules compared with the two ions so there is some conductivity but very little because of the low concentration of H+ and OH- ions.

Question 36

Write the equation for the water equilibrium?

Answer 36

H+(aq) + OH- = H20

Question 37

Know how to write the ionic formulae for hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.

Answer 37

Practice this.

Question 38

Be able to write the ionic formula for solid posttassium hydroxide and solid magnesium hydroxide.

Answer 38

Practice this.

Question 39

What are the units of concentration?

Answer 39

mol l-1

Question 40

Write the triangle relating number of moles volume and concentration.

Answer 40

mol _______ l |concentration

Question 41

Be able to calculate either the number of moles of a solute, the volume or concentration of a solution given the other two pieces of information.

Answer 41

Practice and look at notes.

Question 42

Describe the difference between a concentrated solution and a dilute solution.

Answer 42

Concentrated-large quantity of dissolved solute, small quantity of water. Dilute- Small quantity of dissolved solute, large quantity of water.

Question 43

What happens to the pH of an acid with a pH of 3 when 1cm3 is diluted to 10cm3 with water?

Answer 43

Increases pH from 3 to 4.

Question 44

How does concentration affect the conductivity of an ionic solution?

Answer 44

The higher the concentration the higher the conductivity.

Question 45

How does a ten-fold dilution of an alkali affect its pH?

Answer 45

lowers the pH by 1

Question 46

What is the name given to a solution which has an accurately known concentration?

Answer 46

Standard