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Chemistry > Unit 1, Topic 5a - Acids and Alkalis > Flashcards

Unit 1, Topic 5a - Acids and Alkalis Flashcards

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1
Q

When metals burn in air or oxygen what type of compound is made?

A

Metal Oxide

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2
Q

Be able to write balanced equations for metals burning in air.

A

Look at LIs + Booklet

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3
Q

What type of solution do metal oxides that dissolve in water tend to produce?

A

Alkali

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4
Q

Do all metal oxides dissolve in water?

A

No

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5
Q

Where can you fid out if metal oxides dissolve in water?

A

Page 8 of the data booklet.

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6
Q

Write the names of 2 metal oxides that dissolve in water?

A

Potassium oxide, Sodium Oxide

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7
Q

Write the names of 2 metal oxides that do not dissolve in water?

A

Aluminium oxide, Zinc oxide.

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8
Q

Give the names of the products for the 2 metal oxides that do dissolve.

A

Potassium oxide giving potassium hydroxide, Sodium oxide giving sodium hydroxide.

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9
Q

When non-metals burn in air or oxygen what type of compound is made?

A

Non-metal oxide

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10
Q

Be able to write balanced equations for non-metals elements burning in air.

A

Look at LIs + Booklet.

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11
Q

What type of solution do non-metal oxides that dissolve in water tend to produce?

A

Acid

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12
Q

What is required to enable nitrogen to react with oxygen?

A

High energy e.g spark, lightning

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13
Q

Name the oxide produced when nitrogen reacts with oxygen what oxide is produced?

A

Nitrogen dioxide.

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14
Q

Which acid is produced when Nitrogen Dioxide dissolves in water?

A

Nitric acid

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15
Q

What type of oxide would phosphorus produce?

A

Acidic

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16
Q

What type of oxide would hydrogen produce?

A

Neutral

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17
Q

What type of solution do metal hydroxides that dissolve in water produce?

A

Alkaline solutions

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18
Q

The pH scale is continuous from below _ to above _

A

1/14

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19
Q

What type of solution has a pH less than 7?

A

Acid or acidic

20
Q

What type of solution has a pH more than 7?

A

Alkaline or Alkali

21
Q

What pH do pure water and neutral solutions have?

A

7

22
Q

Name 2 common acids in use home in the laboratory.

A

Home- Vinegar, lemon juice, soda water, fizzy drinks.

Lab- Hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric

23
Q

Name 2 common alkalis in. use at home and in the laboratory.

A

Home- Sodium Bicarbonate, toothpaste, dishwater tablets.

Lab- Sodium Hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia

24
Q

What type of solution is formed when ammonia dissolves in water?

A

alkali

25
Q

Do acids conduct electricity and why?

A

Yes, they are ionic and the ions are free to move.

26
Q

What type of bonding do alkalis have?

A

ionic

27
Q

Which gas is always produced at the negative electrode when acids are electrolysed?

A

Hydrogen

28
Q

Which ion is present in all acid solutions?

A

H+

29
Q

Which ion is present in all alkaline solutions?

A

OH-

30
Q

In water and neutral solutions, how don the con concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions compare?

A

equal

31
Q

How do the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions compare in acidic soloution?

A

H+ > OH-

32
Q

How do the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions compare in an alkaline solution?

A

OH- > H+

33
Q

What happens to the concentration of hydrogen ions if an acid is diluted?

A

It decreases

34
Q

What happens to the pH of hydrogen ions if an acid is diluted?

A

It decreases towards 7

35
Q

How well does pure water conduct electricity?

A

Hardly conducts at all, water dissociates or cones very slightly into H+ and OH- ions and these ions are in equilibrium with H20 molecules. There are many more unionised H2) molecules compared with the two ions so there is some conductivity but very little because of the low concentration of H+ and OH- ions.

36
Q

Write the equation for the water equilibrium?

A

H+(aq) + OH- = H20

37
Q

Know how to write the ionic formulae for hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.

A

Practice this.

38
Q

Be able to write the ionic formula for solid posttassium hydroxide and solid magnesium hydroxide.

A

Practice this.

39
Q

What are the units of concentration?

A

mol l-1

40
Q

Write the triangle relating number of moles volume and concentration.

A

mol
_______
l |concentration

41
Q

Be able to calculate either the number of moles of a solute, the volume or concentration of a solution given the other two pieces of information.

A

Practice and look at notes.

42
Q

Describe the difference between a concentrated solution and a dilute solution.

A

Concentrated-large quantity of dissolved solute, small quantity of water.

Dilute- Small quantity of dissolved solute, large quantity of water.

43
Q

What happens to the pH of an acid with a pH of 3 when 1cm3 is diluted to 10cm3 with water?

A

Increases pH from 3 to 4.

44
Q

How does concentration affect the conductivity of an ionic solution?

A

The higher the concentration the higher the conductivity.

45
Q

How does a ten-fold dilution of an alkali affect its pH?

A

lowers the pH by 1

46
Q

What is the name given to a solution which has an accurately known concentration?

A

Standard

Chemistry (10 decks)

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