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Sports Med > UNIT 3: Tissue Healing (Study Topics for Test) > Flashcards

UNIT 3: Tissue Healing (Study Topics for Test) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a syndrome?

A

Group of signs and symptoms that indicate an injury or disease.

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2
Q

What is pathology?

A

Structural and functional changes from injury.

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3
Q

What is etiology?

A

Caused of a disease

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4
Q

What is mechanism?

A

Mechanical description of cause

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5
Q

What is a sign?

A

Something that you see (Objective)

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6
Q

What is a symptom?

A

Something that a person is feeling (Subjective)

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7
Q

What is a diagnosis?

A

Specific condition

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8
Q

What is differential diagnosis?

A

two or more conditions that share similar signs and symptoms

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9
Q

What is working diagnosis?

A

A disease that hasn’t been ruled out

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10
Q

POLICE

A

Protection, optimal loading, ice compression & elevation

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11
Q

What is force?

A

A push or a pull

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12
Q

Signs of inflammation

A
  • Pain
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Heat
  • Loss of function/ROM
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13
Q

Signs of infection

A
  • Redness
  • Swelling
  • Heat
  • Tenderness
  • Abnormal or purulent discharge
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14
Q

3 types of muscles found in the body

A

Skeletal, cardia & smooth muscle

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15
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Attached to bones to create movement

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16
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Found in the heart

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17
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Found in hollow organs such as the stomach, intestines & blood vessels

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18
Q

Tendons connect

A

Muscle to bone

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19
Q

Ligaments connect

A

Bone to bone

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20
Q

What is elastic response?

A

It returns to original shape

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21
Q

What is plastic response?

A

Deformation remains

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22
Q

What is axial force?

A

Acts on the long axis of a structure

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23
Q

What is tension?

A

Force in opposite direction; Pulling or strecthing the tissues.

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23
Q

What is compression?

A

Produces a crushing or squeezing type force

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24
Q

What is shear?

A

It’s a parallel force; that causes sliding or displacement

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25
Q

What is bending?

A

Compression and tension

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26
Q

What is torsion?

A

Twisitng force

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27
Q

What is acute injury?

A
  • It happens suddenly
  • Macrotrauma
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28
Q

What is chronic injury?

A
  • Results from repeated loading
  • Microtrauma
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29
Q

What are avulsions? (SKIN INJURY)

A

A partial tearing away from the skin

30
Q

What are blisters?

A

Accumulation of fluid between dermis & epidermis

30
Q

What are contusions?

31
Q

What is a strain?

A

Stretched or tear of a muscle or tendon

32
Q

What is a 1st degree strain?

A

Mild & stretch of muscle or tendon

33
Q

What is 2nd degree strain?

A

MODERATE & PARTIAL TEARING of a muscle or tendon

34
Q

What is 3rd degree strain?

A

SEVERE & FULL TEAR of a muscle or tendon

35
Q

What is a sprain?

Keyword for sprains?

A

Stretch or tear of a ligament

Laxity

36
Q

What is a 1st degree sprain?

A

MILD & STRETCHING of a ligament

37
Q

What is 2nd degree sprain?

A

MODERATE & PARTIAL TEARING of a ligament

38
Q

What is 3rd degree sprain?

A

SEVERE & RUPTURE of a ligament

39
Q

What is synovitis?

A

Inflammation to the synovial lining

40
Q

What is bursitis?

A

Inflammation of a bursa sac

41
Q

What is myositis?

A

Inflammation of the muscle tissue

42
Q

What is tendonitis?

A

Inflamation of the tendon

43
Q

What is fascitis?

A

Inflammation of the fascial tissue

44
Q

What is neuritis?

A

Inflammation of the nerve

45
Q

Time for bone healing?

46
Q

Stage 1 for bone fracture healing

How long does it take?

A

Acute Inflammatory Phase

Injury – 4 days

47
Q

Stage 2 for bone fracture healing

How long does it take?

A

Repair

4 days – 3 months

48
Q

Stage 3 for bone fracture healing

How long does it take?

A

Remodeling/Maturation

3 months – Several years

49
Q

Avulsion Fracture

A

Bone is pulled away by tendon or ligament

50
Q

Stress Fractures

A
  • Athlete complains of a persistent sore spot over the bone.
  • Often night pain
51
Q

Spiral Fracture

A

Torsional force along the length of a bone

52
Q

Longitudinal Fracture

A

Fracture runs length of a bone

53
Q

Compression Fracture

A

Opposing forces applied to a bone from both ends at the same time. (Occurs at the spine)

54
Q

Oblique Fracture

A

Diagonal line across a bone from one side to another.

55
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

Bone is crushed into smaller pieces

56
Q

Greenstick fracture

A

Bone bends and fractures only part way through

57
Q

Transverse Fracture

A

Fracture travels across and perpendicular to a bone.

58
Q

Epiphyseal Fracture

A

Fracture at the epiphyseal plate

59
Q

Depressed Fracture

A

Direct impact to the skull

60
Q

Blowout Fracture

A

Eye is pushed hard backward and down into the eye socket. Small bones under the eyes get crushed.

61
Q

Dislocation

A

2 bones creating a joint no longer articulate

62
Q

Subluxation

A

Bones slide out of joint part away & come back in on their own

63
Q

What are the tissue healing phases?

A
  1. Inflammatory Response
  2. Fibroblastic Repair
  3. Maturation-Remodeling
64
Q

What happens in inflammatory response?

What is the goal?

A
  • Cells start to die
  • Vasoliditation
  • New capillaries form
  • Type III collagen formation

Prepare the body for healing

65
Q

Important chemicals in inflammatory response?

A

Phagocytes/Marchophages
Leukocytes
Histamine
Platelets

66
Q

Time for the inflmmatory phase?

A

Injury - 4 days

67
Q

What happens in fibroblastic repair?

What is the goal?

A

Debris removal via phagocytes
Scar formation
Decrease in capillaries
Absorption of type III collagen
Develop new tissues

Repair the injured site

68
Q

Important chemicals in fibroblastic repair?

A

Fibroblasts
Chondroblasts
Osteoblasts

69
Q

Time for the fibroblastic repair?

A

4 days – 3 weeks

70
Q

Goal of maturation phase?

A

Return to normal tissue, strength and function

71
Q

What happens in maturation phase?

A

Re-absorption of new chemicals
Scar maturation
Production of Type 1 collagen

72
Q

Time for maturation phase?

A

3 weeks – 2 years

Sports Med (6 decks)

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