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Sports Med > ANKLE/FOOT > Flashcards

ANKLE/FOOT Flashcards

1
Q

How many metatarsals are on the foot?

A

5

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2
Q

How many phalanges on the foot?

A

14

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3
Q

How many tarsals on the foot?

A

7

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4
Q

Talus

A

Superior to calcaneus

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5
Q

Calcaneus is

A

The heel

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6
Q

Navicular bone is

A

Medial

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7
Q

Cuboid is

A

Lateral to proximal base of 5th

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8
Q

3 Cuneiforms are

A

Proximal to 1st, 2nd, 3rd metatarsal

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9
Q

2 sesamoid bones are

A

Plantar surface head of 1st metatarsal

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10
Q

Def. of Hammer Toe

A

MTP, DIP are hyperextended & PIP is flexed

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11
Q

MOI of Hammer Toe

A

Chronic condition

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12
Q

S/S of Hammer Toe

A

Pain
Swelling
Deformity

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13
Q

Tx of Hammer Toe

A

Refer if limiting activity

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14
Q

Def. of Hallux Valgus Bunions

Laymen’s term is ?

A

MTP is laterally deviated

Bunions

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15
Q

MOI of Hallux Valgus

A

Valgus stress to MTP of the great toe

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16
Q

S/S of Halux Valgus

A

Pain
PPT
Swelling
Deformity
Painful Ambulation

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17
Q

Tx of Hallux Valgus

A
  • Correct shoe wear
  • Tape with a wedge to reposition
  • Donut Pad
  • Strengthen flexors/extensors of toes
  • Surgery
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18
Q

Def. of Ingrown Toe Nail

A

The nail grows into the surrounding soft tissue

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19
Q

MOI of Ingrown Toe Nail

A
  • Cutting nails too short
  • Shoe size
  • Broken Nail or trauma
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20
Q

S/S of Ingrown Toe Nail

A
  • Pain
  • Swelling
  • Bloody or purulent discharge
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21
Q

Tx for Ingrown Toe Nail

A
  • Warm betadine soap
  • Topical Antibiotics
  • Remove the part of the toenail
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22
Q

Def of Turf Toe

A

Sprain to 1st MTP joint

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23
Q

MOI of Turf Toe

A

Hyperextension or hyperflexion of the great toe

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24
Q

S/S of Turf Toe

A
  • Pain at 1st MTP
  • Swelling/Discoloration
  • Inability to weight bear
  • Increased pain
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25
Q

Tx for Turf Toe

A
  • PRICE
  • Hard insoles
  • Turf toe tape, for RTP
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26
Q

Def. of Jones Fracture

A

Fx at the base of 5th metatarsal

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27
Q

MOI for Jones Fracture

A

Forced inversion

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28
Q

S/S of Jones Fracture

A
  • Pain at the base of the 5th metatarsal
  • Swelling
  • Deformity
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29
Q

Tx for Jones Fracture

A
  • POLICE
  • Immobilize boots/crutches
  • Refer to physician
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30
Q

Def. of Plantar Fascitis

A

Thick, white band of fibrous tissue

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31
Q

MOI of Plantar Fascitis

A

Chronic stress & repetitive running

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32
Q

The weight bearing bone, that forms the medial malleolus

A

Tibia

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33
Q

The non-weight bearing bone, forms the lateral malleolus

A

Fibula

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34
Q

ATF is

A

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

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35
Q

CF

A

Calcaneofibular Ligament

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36
Q

PTF

A

Posterior Talofibular Ligament

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37
Q

Anterior Talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Posterior Talofibular

These ligaments are?

A

Lateral Ligaments

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38
Q

What are the syndesmotic ligaments?

A

Anterior Tibiofibular & Posterior Tibiofibular

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39
Q

What are the Medial Ligaments?

A

Deltoid & Spring

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40
Q

Function of ATF - Anterior talofibular ligament

A

Resists Plantarflexion & inversion

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41
Q

Function of CF - Calcaneofibular Ligament

A

Resists inversion

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42
Q

Function of PTF - Posterior Talofibular Ligament

A

Resists dorsiflexion & inversion

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43
Q

Function of Anterior Tibiofibular & Posterior Tibiofibular Ligaments is

A

Resists separation of tibia & fibula

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44
Q

Function of deltoid ligament

A

Resists eversion

45
Q

Function of spring ligament

A

Holds your arch up

46
Q

Muscles in the anterior compartment

A

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum
Extensor Hallucis
Peroneal Tertius

47
Q

Tibialis Anterior Action

A

DF & inv of Ankle

48
Q

Extensor Digitorum Action

A

Ext of toes 2-5 & DF of ankle

49
Q

Extensor Hallucis Action

A

Ext of great toe & DF of ankle

50
Q

Peroneal Tertius Action

A

Eversion & DF

51
Q

Muscles in superficial posterior compartment

A

Soleus & Gastrocnemius

52
Q

Soleus Action

A

PF of ankle

53
Q

Gastrocnemius Action

A

PF of Ankle & Flex Knee

54
Q

Muscles in deep posterior compartment

A

Posterior Tibialis
Flexor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum

55
Q

Posterior Tibialis Action

A

Inversion & PF

56
Q

Flexor Hallucis Action

A

Flexion of great toe & PF of ankle

57
Q

Flexor Digitorum Action

A

Flexion of toes 2-5 & PF Ankle

58
Q

Muscles of lateral compartment

A

Peroneals Brevis
Peroneal Longus

59
Q

Peroneals Brevis Action

A

Eversion & PF

60
Q

Peroneal Longus Action

A

Eversion & PF Ankle

61
Q

Def. Of Achilles Tendinitis

A

Inflammation of the tendon of heel

62
Q

S/s of Plantar Fascitis

A

PPT
Pain with 1st step out of bed
Pain with passive ext. of great toe

63
Q

Tx for Plantar Fascitis

A

Modify Activities
Ice massage
Heel cup
Stretch plantar fascia

64
Q

What complication can happen with plantar Fascitis?

A

Heel spur development

65
Q

Anatomy of Lateral Ankle Sprain

A

Anterior talofibular (ATF)

66
Q

MOI of Lateral Ankle Sprain

A

Inversion & PF

67
Q

S/s of Lateral Ankle Sprain

A

Pop
Pain
Swelling/Ecchymosis
Decreased ROM

68
Q

Tx for Lateral Ankle Sprain

Special Test?

A

POLICE
Early ROM
Ankle strengthening/proprioception
RTP taping or brace

Anterior Drawer & Inverison Talar Tilt

69
Q

Anatomy for Medial Ankle Sprain

A

Deltoid ligament

70
Q

MOI for Medial Ankle Sprain

A

Excessive eversion

71
Q

S/s for Medial Ankle Sprain

A

Pain
Swelling/Ecchymosis
Decreased ROM

72
Q

Tx for Medial Ankle Sprain

Special Test?

A

POLICE
Boot/Crutches
Refer to rule out fibula fx

Eversion Talar Tilt

73
Q

Anatomy for Syndesmosis Sprain

A

Anterior Tibiofibular &/or Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

74
Q

MOI for Syndesmosis Sprain

A

External Rotation & DF

75
Q

s/s for Syndesmosis Sprain

A

Pain,
Unable to WB,
Edema,
Decreased ROM

76
Q

Special Test for Syndesmosis Sprain?

77
Q

Tx for Syndesmosis Srain

A

POLICE
Boot/Crutches
Refer to rule out for Fx

78
Q

Layman’s Term for Syndesmosis Sprain

A

High Ankle Sprain

79
Q

Anatomy for Subtalar Dislocation

A

Subtalar Joint

80
Q

MOI for Subtalar Dislocation

A

Inversion & PF

81
Q

s/s for Subtalar Dislocation

A

Pain, Swelling, Deformity

82
Q

Tx for Subtalar Dislocation

A

POLICE
Splint
Check for neurovascular compromise
Refer/Transport Via EMS

83
Q

MOI for Achilles Tendonitis

A

Repeated Stress

84
Q

s/s for Achilles Tendonitis

A

Swelling,
PPT over achilles,
Crepitus,
Pain w/ active & DF
Pain w/ resisted PF

85
Q

Tx for Achilles Tendonitis

A

POLICE
Achilles Tape &/ or Heel lift
Eccentric exercises & Stretching

86
Q

MOI for Achilles Tendon Rupture

A

Sudden forceful contraction of grastrocnemius
Forced DF

87
Q

s/s for Achilles Tendon Rupture

A

Extreme pn
“Kicked in the heel”
Weakness/Unable to WB
Swelling
Depression in Achilles

88
Q

Special Test for Achilles Tendon Rupture

A

Thompson Test

89
Q

Tx for Achilles Tendon Rupture

A

POLICE
Splint PF
Refer for surgery

90
Q

Def for MTSS

A

Shin splints

91
Q

Anatomy for MTSS

A

Distal 1/3 medial tibia

92
Q

MOI for MTSS

A

Repetitive Stress

93
Q

S/S for MTSS

A

Pain
Swelling

94
Q

Tx for MTSS

A

Modify Activity
Ice cups
Stretch/Strengthen
Taping
New Shoes

95
Q

MOI for Stress Fracture

A

Repetitive Stress

96
Q

s/s for Stress Fracture

A

Increase Pn
Pinpoint Pn w/ activity
Swelling

97
Q

Tx for Stress Fracture

A

Remove from activity
Immoblize
Refer to physician
Rest 4-6 weeks on crutches

98
Q

Def for Epiphyseal Fx

A

Salter Harris Fx

99
Q

Anatomy for Epiphyseal Fx

A

Growth Plate

100
Q

s/s for Epiphyseal Fx

A

Pain
Swelling
difficulty walking

101
Q

Tx for Epiphyseal Fx

A

Immobilize
Refer to physician

102
Q

Complication for epiphyseal Fx

A

If growth plate grows close early & growth stops in one bone

103
Q

MOI for Tib-Fib Fx

A

Direct blow
Forced eversion
Forced rotation

104
Q

s/s for Tib-Fib Fx

A

Pain
Possible deformity
Swelling
Unable to WB

105
Q

Tx for Tib-Fib Fx

A

POLICE
Boot/Crutches
Refer X-Rays
Possible Surgery

106
Q

Def for Anterior Comaprtment Syndrome

A

Swelling in Ant. Comaprtment

107
Q

MOI for Ant. Compartment Syndrome

A

Repetitive Stress of DF
Acute Trauma

108
Q

s/s for Ant. Compartment Syndrome

A

Skin feels hot
Reddish waxy skin
Swelling
Extreme Pn

109
Q

Tx for Ant. Compartment Syndrome

A

Immediate referral
NEVER COMPRESS

Sports Med (6 decks)

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