Unit 3 Test Flashcards
Define schizophrenia
Serious chronic mental illness;involve psychosis, impaired cognitive processes, unusual or disorganized motor behavior and uncommon behaviors affecting
Define hallucinations; different types and which is most common
False personal beliefs, consistently held despite evidence or logic, lack of insight common
Paranoid ideation
Capers delusio
What are positive symptoms? What are the negative symptoms?(5 A’s)
Positive symptoms:delusions,hallucinations, disordered thinking, incoherent communication, bizarre behavior, poor insight
Negative symptoms: avalition(inability to take action or become goal oriented,alogia(lack of meaningful speech) asociality(mini mal interest in social relationships) anhedonia( reduced ability to experience pleasure)
What are some cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Disorganized thinking, communication, and speech
Define prodromal phase; active phase and residual phase
Prodromal phase: onset and buildup
-social withdrawal and isolation - inappropriate affect - poor communication patterns - neglect of personal grooming
Active phase:full-blown symptoms
Residual phase: symptoms no longer prominent
What factors influence recovery?
Gender( mainly women),higher education level; being married, higher premorbid level of functioning, intervention early in course of the illness, peer support, work opportunities
What is the dopamine hypothesis?
Excess dopamine activity in certain brain areas
What role does enlarged ventricles play in schizophrenia?
Rapid loss of brain cells over 6 year period; ineffective communication between different brain regions
What are some social factors associated with schizophrenia?
Maltreatment during childhood, chronic bullying,relationships within the home; expressed emotion
What is expressed emotion? What is the relationship between expressed emotion and symptoms of schizophrenia?
Negative communication pattern among relatives of individuals with schizophrenia.
Typical treatment for schizophrenia
Antipsychotic medication with some type of psychosocial therapy
What are antipsychotics?
Medications that reduce the intensity of symptoms
What are extrapyramidal side effects?
Muscle tremors, shakiness, immobility, involuntary muscle contractions in limbs and tongue, motor restlessness
Explain the role of cognitive behavioral therapy and family therapy in reducing the symptoms and frequency of hospitalizations in schizophrenic patients
Cognitive behavioral therapy:teach coping skills that allow clients to manage their positive and negative
Family therapy:normalize family experience
Define psychactive substances
Alter moods, thought processes or other psychological states
Define addiction
Compulsive drug-seeking behavior and loss of control over drug use
Dsm5 criteria for substance use disorder
Occur within a 12-month period and cause significant impairment or distress
3 main types of drugs people are addicted to:
Prescription medications, legal substances and illegal substances
Commonly abused substances, the effects, the category, and addictive potential
Alcohol, marijuana, pain relievers, and cocaine
Define depressant drugs
Cause nervous system to slow down
Define stimulant drugs
Speed up central nervous system activity, produce feelings of euphoria and well being
Define hallucinogens and mixed property drugs
Produces vivid sensory awareness
What is a synergistic effect
Interactions between the substances intensify effects
Can create unique side effects
What is poly substance abuse?
Abuseing multiple substance
Typical progression from initial drug use to addiction
-individual decides to experiment with drugs
-Drug begins to serve important purpose consumption continues
-Brain chemistry becomes altered from chronic use
- lifestyle changes occur due to chronic use
Most common treatment for the most commonly abused drugs
Delirium tremens
Define confidentiality
Ethical standard that protects clients from disclosure of informationwithout their consent
Define privilege
Protect a client’s privacy and to prevent the disclosure of confidential communications without a clients permission
Criteria for civil commitment
-clear and imminent danger to self or others
-inability to care for oneself or lack of social network to provide such care
-inability to name responsible decisions about appropriate treatment or hospitalization
-unmanageable state of Fright or panic
How does a judge determine competency to stand trial?
Must have a factual and rational understanding of the proceedings, must be able to rationally consult with counsel in presenting his or her own defense
Know the basic principles:The in sanity defense, the Durham test, M’Naghten rule;American law institute test; irresistible impulse test
-The insanity defense:based onthe individual’s ability to understand what he or she did
-person is not responsible if the act was the product of mental disease or detect
-the defendant had detective reasoning and was unable to comprehend that the act was wrong
- mental disease or defect
-not criminally responsible if they lack the will power to control their behavior
Guilty but mentally ill - how does this help with prosecution of those who are mentally ill?
They are sent to hospitals rather than prisons
Number one predictor of dangerousness
Past criminal conduct or history of violence or aggression
Do clients have the right to refuse treatment?
Yes,rennie v. Klein/rogers v. O kin
What is the right to the least intrusive treatment?
Psychotherapy
What is the duty to warn and how is this related to the tarasoff case?
Obligates professionals to break confidentiality when clients pose clear and imminent danger to other person
What is the apa’s view on relationships with clients?
Prohibited for a minimum of 2 years after termination
