Unit 3. Stories Flashcards
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky u_ u_ n_. (= до настоящего времени, до сих пор)
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky up until now.
I _ (do) some interesting things in the last few years.
I’ve done some interesting things in the last few years.
a past period that includes the present moment => present perfect (simple or continuous)
I started a band _ _ _ _ (= в позапрошлом году), though it didn’t last.
I started a band the year before last (= в позапрошлом году), though it didn’t last.
Live _ (definitely / be) interesting so far.
Live has definitely been interesting so far.
a past period that includes the present moment => present perfect (simple or continuous)
We asked people around the world: what are some of the h_ of your life so far? (лучшие, кульминационные моменты)
We asked people around the world: what are some of the highlights of your life so far?
/ˈhaɪlaɪt/ - notice that the stress is on the FIRST syllable!
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky up until now. F_ o_ th_ (= во-первых, потому что) I’ve travelled a lot.
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky up until now. For one thing, (= во-первых, потому что) I’ve travelled a lot.
I still _ (not decide) what I want to do after I graduate. I _ (not think) too much about it.
I still haven’t decided what I want to do after I graduate. I haven’t thought too much about it.
notice the useful expression: I haven’t thought too much about it = особо об этом не думал
I lived in Italy a couple of years ago. That was amazing. T_ af_ Italy, I went to Central America and worked with a team of volunteers.
I lived in Italy a couple of years ago. That was amazing. Then after Italy, I went to Central America and worked with a team of volunteers.
Well, we haven’t really done anything except work o_ _ l_ _ y_. (в последние годы)
Well, we haven’t really done anything except work over the last few years. (в последние годы)
Oh, I _ (be) pretty lucky up until now.
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky up until now.
a past period that includes the present moment => present perfect (simple or continuous)
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky up until now. For one thing, (= во-первых, потому что) I _ (travel) a lot.
Oh, I’ve been pretty lucky up until now. For one thing, (= во-первых, потому что) I’ve traveled a lot.
life experience => present perfect
Life has definitely been interesing s_ f_ (=до сих пор, пока что).
Life has definitely been interesing so far.
We _ (meet) when we _ (be) in college. Sheng _ (get) his master’s, and I _ (study) design.
We met when we were in college. Sheng was getting his master’s, and I was studying design.
I’ve done some interesting things i_ _ l_ f_ y_. (за последние несколько лет)
I’ve done some interesting things in the last few years.
We _ (meet) when we _ (be) in college. Sheng _ (get) his master’s, and I _ (study) design.
We met when we were in college. Sheng was getting his master’s, and I was studying design. [background situation => past continuous]
I _ (live) in Italy a couple of years ago. That _ (be) amazing. Then after Italy, I _ (go) to Central America and _ (work) with a team of volunteers.
I lived in Italy a couple of years ago. [a clear reference to a point in the past]
That was amazing. [the same reference]
Then after Italy, I went to Central America and worked with a team of volunteers. [sequence of events]
I started a band the year before last (= в позапрошлом году), though it _ _. (=долго не продлилось, не просуществовала)
I started a band the year before last (= в позапрошлом году), though it didn’t last. (=долго не продлилось, не просуществовала)
And I_ (coach) a local soccer team for the last two years. That _ (be) good.
And I’ve been coaching a local soccer team for the last two years. That’s been good.
a past period that includes the present moment => present perfect (simple or continuous)
I haven’t thought t_ _ about it = особо об этом не думал
I haven’t thought too much about it.
Well, we _ (really / not do - ничего особо не сделали) anything except work over the last few years.
Well, we haven’t really done anything except work over the last few years.
notice the position of the adverb (‘really’): between the two parts of the verb.
I _ (start) a band the year before last (= в позапрошлом году), though it didn’t last.
I started a band the year before last (= в позапрошлом году), though it didn’t last.
a time reference in the past => past simple
Then Sheng started his PhD. S_ th_ (с тех пор), he’s just been concentrating on school.”
Then Sheng started his PhD. Since then, he’s just been concentrating on school.”
We met when we were in college. Sheng _ (учился на магистра), and I was studying design.
We met when we were in college. Sheng was getting his master’s, and I was studying design.
Jing-Wei _ an _ (устроилась на стажировку) at a fashion company last year.
Jing-Wei got an internship at a fashion company last year.
BrE /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/
AmE /ˈɪntɜːrnʃɪp/
Jing-Wei got an internship at a fashion company last year. That was a big thing for her. You _ (enjoy) it so far, _ (да ведь)?
Jing-Wei got an internship at a fashion company last year. That was a big thing for her. You’ve been enjoying it so far, haven’t you?
so far => a period that includes the present point
[Present Perfect Simple or Continuous?]
_ (you/listen) to a lot of music lately (= в последнее время)?
Have you been listening to a lot of music lately?
_ (you / ever cook) for a large group of people? What _ (you / make)?
Have you ever cooked for a large group of people? (= life experience)
What did you make? (that specific time)
[Present Perfect Simple or Continuous?] What dishes _ (you / cook) lately?
What dishes have you been cooking lately?
Present Perfect of Past Simple?
- I ____ (never / live) alone.
- My great-great-great-grandmother __ (never / live) alone.
Present Perfect of Past Simple?
- I’ve never lived alone. (life experience of someone who’s alive)
- My great-great-great-grandmother never lived alone. (life experience of someone who isn’t alive anymore)
_ (you / ever break) the law? What _ (you / do)?
Have you ever broken the law? What did you do?
Who _ (you / think about) lately?
Who have you been thinking about lately?
How many countries _ (you / be) to? When _ (you / go) there? Which country _ (you / like) the most?
How many countries have you been to? When did you go there? Which country did you like the most?
_ (you / ever be) in a fight? What _ (be) it about?
Have you ever been in a fight? What was it about?
I had been s_ _ the class all semester because I’d missed a number of classes and I’d fallen behind on my work. (= мне было сложно справиться)
I had been struggling with the class all semester because I’d missed a number of classes and I’d fallen behind on my work.
Sure enough, 40 minutes _ the test, I had finished all the questions except the very last one. (= через 40 минут после начала теста)
Sure enough, 40 minutes into the test, I had finished all the questions except the very last one.
This is a fixed expression: [15] minutes into the [film/exam/meeting/interview….] something happened
But by the day of the test, I had с_ _ _ all the work and I felt pretty confident. (= нагнала, наверстала)
But by the day of the test, I had caught up on all the work and I felt pretty confident.
“I’m just wondering,” he said and paused. “Will it really _ my grade if I don’t complete that last question?” (= негативно повлиять)
“I’m just wondering,” he said and paused. “Will it really affect my grade if I don’t complete that last question?”
I had been struggling with the class all semester because I’d missed a number of classes and I’d f_ _ _ my work. (= отстала)
I had been struggling with the class all semester because I’d missed a number of classes and I’d fallen behind on my work.
Sure enough, 40 minutes into the test, I had finished all the questions except the _ last one (= самый последний).
Sure enough, 40 minutes into the test, I had finished all the questions except the very last one (= самый последний).
