unit 3 quiz Flashcards
gunpowder empires
large multi-ethnic states in southwest, central, and south asia that relied on firearms to conquer and control territories. included russia, ottoman empire, safavid empire, and mughal empire. they tended to be militaristic but left splendid artistic and architectural legacies, created in part to reflect the legitmacy of their rulers
ivan IV (russia)
ivan the terrible, set to expand the russian border eastward, mainly relying on gunpowder. used cossacks to fight local tribes/the golden horde, gained control of the vaga river (more trade)
ming dynasty
took over china from the mongols in 1368 and reigned for 300 years, they tried to expand but ultimately failed, revamped the great wall of china for protection
manchu
manchu of manchuria overpowered the ming dynasty and established the qing dynasty in 1644, which ruled untill 1911
qing dynasty
established by the manchu in 1644 and ruled until 1911
emperor kangxi
was responsible for smallpox vaccinations in china and expanded into taiwan, mongolia, central asia, and tibet
emperor qianlong
expanded west of china, which led to the annexation of xinjiang. this area remains troubled today
suleiman I (ottoman empire)
ottoman empire reached peak under him. attempted to take vienna twice but the ottoman ability to send troops so far into christian europe caused great fear. employed janissaries (elite soldiers taken as christian children, raised muslim)
ismail
young ismail (14/15) conquered all of iran and was proclaimed shah (king/emperor) in 1501
shah
king/emperor (safavid)
akbar (mughal empire)
the munghal empire was one of the richest qnd best governed states under akbar
caste
social grouping designated at birth; basis of educational and vocational opportunities in indian society, system was strong
mughal empire: where
modern india
ottoman empire: where
modern day turkey, balkans in europe, north africa, SE asia
safavid empire: where
modern day iran
the divine right of kings
a doctrine that asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority; deriving right to rule from god
absolute monarchy
one source of power with complete authority
intendants
royal officials that were sent out to provinces to execute the orders of the government
tax farmering
levied taxes on peasants through tax farmers (officials became corrupt from skimming money from their taxes)
louis XIV
“sun king” (r.1643-1715) was basically a dictator, combining the lawmaking and the justice system in his own person “i am the state”
romanov dynasty
took control in 1613 after ivan’s death but there were three groups with conflicting desires and agendas (church-traditional values/beliefs, boyars-gain/hold power, members of tsar’s royal family)
peter I
peter the great, defender of orthodoxy, created provinces (administrative divisions) after defeating his sister
devshirme
developed from an older system of slavery, christian boys were recruited by force to serve the ottoman government
janissaries
an elite force in the ottoman army