unit 3 quiz

Question 1

gunpowder empires

Answer 1

large multi-ethnic states in southwest, central, and south asia that relied on firearms to conquer and control territories. included russia, ottoman empire, safavid empire, and mughal empire. they tended to be militaristic but left splendid artistic and architectural legacies, created in part to reflect the legitmacy of their rulers

Question 2

ivan IV (russia)

Answer 2

ivan the terrible, set to expand the russian border eastward, mainly relying on gunpowder. used cossacks to fight local tribes/the golden horde, gained control of the vaga river (more trade)

Question 3

ming dynasty

Answer 3

took over china from the mongols in 1368 and reigned for 300 years, they tried to expand but ultimately failed, revamped the great wall of china for protection

Question 4

manchu

Answer 4

manchu of manchuria overpowered the ming dynasty and established the qing dynasty in 1644, which ruled untill 1911

Question 5

qing dynasty

Answer 5

established by the manchu in 1644 and ruled until 1911

Question 6

emperor kangxi

Answer 6

was responsible for smallpox vaccinations in china and expanded into taiwan, mongolia, central asia, and tibet

Question 7

emperor qianlong

Answer 7

expanded west of china, which led to the annexation of xinjiang. this area remains troubled today

Question 8

suleiman I (ottoman empire)

Answer 8

ottoman empire reached peak under him. attempted to take vienna twice but the ottoman ability to send troops so far into christian europe caused great fear. employed janissaries (elite soldiers taken as christian children, raised muslim)

Question 9

ismail

Answer 9

young ismail (14/15) conquered all of iran and was proclaimed shah (king/emperor) in 1501

Question 10

shah

Answer 10

king/emperor (safavid)

Question 11

akbar (mughal empire)

Answer 11

the munghal empire was one of the richest qnd best governed states under akbar

Question 12

caste

Answer 12

social grouping designated at birth; basis of educational and vocational opportunities in indian society, system was strong

Question 13

mughal empire: where

Answer 13

modern india

Question 14

ottoman empire: where

Answer 14

modern day turkey, balkans in europe, north africa, SE asia

Question 15

safavid empire: where

Answer 15

modern day iran

Question 16

the divine right of kings

Answer 16

a doctrine that asserts that a monarch is subject to no earthly authority; deriving right to rule from god

Question 17

absolute monarchy

Answer 17

one source of power with complete authority

Question 18

intendants

Answer 18

royal officials that were sent out to provinces to execute the orders of the government

Question 19

tax farmering

Answer 19

levied taxes on peasants through tax farmers (officials became corrupt from skimming money from their taxes)

Question 20

louis XIV

Answer 20

“sun king” (r.1643-1715) was basically a dictator, combining the lawmaking and the justice system in his own person “i am the state”

Question 21

romanov dynasty

Answer 21

took control in 1613 after ivan’s death but there were three groups with conflicting desires and agendas (church-traditional values/beliefs, boyars-gain/hold power, members of tsar’s royal family)

Question 22

peter I

Answer 22

peter the great, defender of orthodoxy, created provinces (administrative divisions) after defeating his sister

Question 23

devshirme

Answer 23

developed from an older system of slavery, christian boys were recruited by force to serve the ottoman government

Question 24

janissaries

Answer 24

an elite force in the ottoman army

Question 25

zamindars

Answer 25

government officials who were in charge of specific duties such as taxation, construction, and the water supply

Question 26

taj mahal

Answer 26

built by shah jahan as a tomb for his wife in india

Question 27

gutenburg priniting press

Answer 27

was invented by johannes gutenburg (in the holy roman empire), it allowed ideas to be spread quickly

Question 28

ghazi ideal

Answer 28

a model for warrior life that blended the cooperative values of nomadic culture with the willingness to serve as a holy fighter for islam

Question 29

tamerlane

Answer 29

mongolian ruler of samarkand who led his nomadic hordes to conquer an area from turkey to mongolia

Question 30

shah abbas (safavid empire)

Answer 30

also known as abbas the great, a stabilizing force in iran following a period of civil war and foreign invasion, he helped create the safavid empire

Question 31

ottoman empire: leaders

Answer 31

-Mehmed II (Laid siege to Constantinople in 1453 using a 26 foot bronze cannon)
-Suleiman I (reached peak under him attempted to take Viena twice, but Ottoman ability to send troops so far into Christian Europe caused great fear there)

Question 32

safavid empire: leader

Answer 32

-Young Ismail (at 14 or 15, conquered all of Iran and was proclaimed Shah in 1501)
-shah abbas

Question 33

mughal empire: leader

Answer 33

Akbar (was one of the richest and best-governed states in the world under him)

Question 34

ottoman empire

Answer 34

-Largest and most enduring of the Islamic empires of the era.
-1300s - 1918
-Constantinople becomes Istanbul

Question 35

safavid empire

Answer 35

-Origin in the Safavid order of Sufism, established in northern Azerbaijan (Iran)
-Land based military power
-Conflict over control of trade routes and emphasis on Shi’a Islam caused frequent hostilities with Ottoman Empire, which was Sunni
-This hostility lives on in Iraq and Iran

Question 36

mughal empire

Answer 36

-Overseas trading via Arab traders flourished
-Caste (social grouping designated at birth; basis of educational and vocational opportunities in Indian society) system was strong
-4 divisions of people
-even though they were muslim rulers, they still had a hindu population