Unit 3 Public Speaking and Presentations

Question 1

Glossophobia

Answer 1

The fear of public speaking

Question 2

ethos

Answer 2

credibility of a speaker

Question 3

pathos

Answer 3

emotional appeal of a speaker

Question 4

logos

Answer 4

logical argument presented by a speaker

Question 5

attitude

Answer 5

thoughts, feelings, perceptions, assumptions, and expectations

Question 6

three components of ethos

Answer 6

competence trustworthiness dynamism

Question 7

deductive reasoning

Answer 7

begins with general claims and moves to a specific instance

Question 8

syllogism

Answer 8

Class form of deductive reasoning including a major premise, minor premise, and conclusion

Question 9

inductive reasoning

Answer 9

begins with specific instances or examples and reasons to either a universal claim or another specific instance

Question 10

Fallacies

Answer 10

descriptions of the ways in which arguments can go wrong

Question 11

Hasty Generalization

Answer 11

A fallacy of inductive reasoning that comes to a general conclusion based on too few or unrepresentative examples

Question 12

Straw Person

Answer 12

When someone presents a week version of an argument in order to refute it and claim victory.

Question 13

Post hoc ergo propter hoc

Answer 13

“After, therefore because of” This fallacy occurs when one event that precedes a second event is assumed to have caused the second event

Question 14

Forced dichotomy

Answer 14

Occurs when a speaker presents only two solutions to a problem, ignoring other solutions either purposefully or out of ignorance

Question 15

Ad hominem

Answer 15

“About the person” occurs when someone refutes an argument by attacking the person who presented the argument rather than the argument itself

Question 16

Appeal to misplaced authority

Answer 16

Relies on the reputation of an expert in an unrelated field

Question 17

Good stories have the following characteristics

Answer 17

• A topic of interest and significance to your audience.
• A storyline, or plot, that takes place over a period of time, reflecting that most human situations are complex and detailed.
• Elements that make the story concrete, vivid, and memorable; can occur as a result of its content, the language the speaker uses, or the way it is told.
• An appropriate setting; comes to life through the vivid detail the storyteller provides.
• A beginning, a middle, and an end.
• A conflict or dilemma that climaxes at some point and then is usually resolved, with a resolution that listeners could realistically implement.

Question 18

Informative Speech

Answer 18

A presentation designed to create, further, or alter the audience’s factual beliefs about a topic

Question 19

Persuasive Speech

Answer 19

Public speaking goal is to change someone’s opinions, attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors

Question 20

Types of Presentations

Answer 20

• Informative
• Persuasive
• Entertainment

Question 21

Goals of an Informative Presentation

Answer 21

1. Communicate information that is new knowledge (introduce)
2. Further exsting knowledge
3. Update outdated information or change listeners’ factual understanding of a topic

Question 22

Types of informative speech

Answer 22

• Instructional presentation
• Brief Report
• Demonstration
• Training Session

Question 23

Instructional presentations

Answer 23

specifically designed to provide listeners with in-depth knowledge on a particular subject

Question 24

Brief Report

Answer 24

Represents a highly structured overview of very specific information for the intended audience. Shorter than an instructional presentation (or other informative speeches)

Question 26

Demonstration

Answer 26

Gives how-to advice to an audience relative to a particular topic or activity, and involves some physical depection of the subject.

Question 27

training

Answer 27

a specialized type of education in which team members are taught specific skills and knowledge that can enhance their performance.

Question 28

Persuasion

Answer 28

an activity that involves symbolic communication between two or more people with the intent o change attitudes, beliefs, and/or behaviors of the receiver(s)

Question 29

Three interrelated goals of persuasion

Answer 29

to change how listeners:

• feel
• think
• act

Question 30

Belief

Answer 30

pertains to an individual’s perception of the truth, or the existence or falsity of something

Question 31

behavioral intention

Answer 31

An individual’s expectation or plan that he or she will behave in some particular way

Question 32

Types of Persuasive Speeches

Answer 32

• Definitional
• Factual
• Policy
• Value

Question 33

Definitional Speeches

Answer 33

Argues about the basic identification or classification of a particular thing.

Question 34

Factual Speeches

Answer 34

Argues for the truth or falsity of a given assertion

Question 35

Policy Speeches

Answer 35

Describes a certain social or political problem and then seeks to lay out the specifics of a solution to that problem.

Question 36

Value Speeches

Answer 36

Argues the virtue, accuracy, and soundness of a particular judgment.

Question 37

Psychological Reactance Theory

Answer 37

Persuasive messages threaten an audience’s feeling of freedom to think, believe, and act as they wish

Question 38

Monroe’s Motivated Sequence

Answer 38

Method of structuring and presenting ideas uses time-tested and research-validated logic for persuading audiences in educational, business, and sales situations

Question 39

5 Steps of Monroe’s Motivated Sequence

Answer 39

1. Capture the Audience’s Attention
2. Identify Problems or Unfilled Needs
3. Propose a Solution (or Plan) that satisfies the problem(s) or need(s)
4. Help the Audience Visualize what satisfaction will mean for them
5. Give your Audience an Action Plan

Question 40

two-sided message with refutation

Answer 40

Present both sides of the issue, but refute the validity, accuracy, or defensibility of the opposing side

Question 41

fear appeals

Answer 41

Seek to influence audience members to change because they are sacared of the consequences of not doing so

Question 42

The three basic concerns for assessing evidence

Answer 42

Relevance

recency

credibility

Question 43

Four Objectives of a Presentation’s Introduction

Answer 43

1. Capture the audience’s attention
2. Provide listeners with a reason to listen
3. Establish your credibility
4. Preview your topic and what yoy plan to share with your audience

Question 44

regency effect

Answer 44

end the body of the speech with the most compelling piece of evidence last

Question 45

primacy effect

Answer 45

lead the body of the speech with the most compelling piece of evidence first

Question 46

Considerations for including media in a presentation

Answer 46

topic

context

speaker

audience

Question 48

sensory aids

Answer 48

supporting devices appeal to one or more of the five senses

Question 49

thesis statement

Answer 49

a brief, one-sentence summary of the central idea of your presentation and includes the answer to the question “why this topic for this audience?”

Question 50

full-content outline

Answer 50

an outline that uses complete sentences; conists of the entire introduction and conclusion, wirtten out word for word; additionally it includes all of your main points, transitions, examples, and evidence written out in complete sentences

Question 51

abbreviated outline

Answer 51

an outline that uses short phrases and allows you to glance at key words and phrases, rather than complete sentences, and deliver your presentation in a dynamic, converstional manner

Question 52

general purpose statement

Answer 52

reveals whether your talk is informative or persuasive and states your presentation topic

Question 53

linear framework

Answer 53

This framework follows a clear, straightforward, direct, fact-based approach to organizing a presentation