unit 3 part 2 Flashcards
what is the sensimotor stage?
use of senses&motor abilities tolearn about the world
-mouthing, hearing, looking, grasping
>birth to age 2
what is accommodation?
adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new info
what is assimilation psychology related?
interpreting our new experience in terms of our existing schemas.
what did jean piagets do?
internally developed childrens tests, focus on differences in thinking between adults and children.
what is cognitive development?
all the mental activites associated with thinking, kowing, remembering and communicating
what did harlow discover?
that monkeys raised in isolation without a real or artificial mother had no preference for either mother when afraid.
what did the isolated monkeys show?
withdrew,turned inward and rocked back&forth while frightened.
-lashed out in aggression towrards other monkeys when given the oppurtunity to socialize.
what is the abuse breeds abuse phenomenon?
Phenomenon of maltreated children growing up to abuse their own children
how much percent of abused children become abusers?
30%
what are the result of neglected childdren in homes and even orphanages?
-Experience devastating developmental delays
-Problems with higher-level skills, such as regulating attention and inhibit inappropriate behavior
what is a temperament?
charcteristics and aspects of personality that we are born with
what is john bowlblys attachment theory?
theory which is an evolutionary based theory that suggests that infants are biologically predisposed to form attachments with primary caregivers in early life
what is the authoritarian parenting style?
restrictive parenting style emphasizing respect for work and effort. Parent doesnt explain reason of rules
What is permissive parenting style?
having few inconsistent rules and relaxed attitude serving as more like a friend then a parent
what is authoritoritative parenting style?
child centered where parents closely interact with children while maintaining high expectations for behavior and performance.
-proper discipline
what is an attachment bond?
the emotional between an infant and its primary caregiver
what did konrad lorenz theorize?
that if attachment was important in human survival, it may be important in other species aswell.
what is imprinting?
where certain animals form attachments during a critical period in very early life
-once made, hard to reverse.
what is contact comfort?
seeking comfort in contact from a caregiver.
-rocking, warmth, feeding
what is blooming?
period of rapid neural growth (20 billion brain cells produced)
what is infantile amnesia?
forgetting to remember detailed or episodic memories from early childhood prior to 3-4
what is neonates (competent newborn)
born prefering sights and sounds.
ex prfer moms breast, look towards faces, turn heads in direction of human voices.
what are reflexes?
infants having a set of unlearned behavior patterns to help the infant survive.
-grasping, rooting, sucking, stepping
what is maturation?
biologocial growthprocesses tat enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience.
what are developmental timelines?
the normal timelineof mental and physical growth and changes that occur as an entity ages.
what is fetal alcohol syndrom?
includes, cognitive, and psychological abnormalities that result from consuming alcohol during pregnancy
what is a teratogen?
any non genetic agent that produces birth defects at exposures that commonly occur.
what happens when a pregnant mother smokes/nic?
the developing baby experiences a reduction in blood oxygen levels & nutrients
-low birth weights
-more likely to birth baby early
-more likely forthe baby to experinece sudden death
what happens when the pregant mother smokes marijuana?
low birth weight, developmental problems, difficulty with attention
what is prenatal development?
begins with conception and ends at birth, a full term is typically 38 weeks
-germinal, embryonic, and fetal stage
what is the placenta?
specialized organ that sustains life of embryo and transfers oxygen and nutrients while removing wast products.
what are birth defects?
a mlfunctioning gene or an environmental stimulus
what are critical periods?
times when cetain environmental influences can have an impact on the development of an infant. (embryonic period)
who is erik Erikson?
developmental psychologist who said that each stage of life has its own psycholsocial tasks, a crisis that needs resoltuion in order to become a successful complete person.
