Unit 3: Outcome 2 Flashcards
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Perceptions
Europeans arrived in 1788, and they believed that God had created the world for humans to use and control.
They were contempt, believing all this British were superior.
They thought the Australian landscape was harsh and ugly and that they needed to improve it. They owned the land.
They saw the land as a resource and didn’t care about how the aboriginals looked after the land. Instead they wanted to clear forests, put up fences and introduce new animals
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Perceptions
Fear, opportunity and save
Fear: Australian land was to wild to control
Opportunity: They believed the land was terra nullius and they wanted to fix the land.
Save: they had to save the land by farming, building and taming it
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Interactions
Forest clearing, water quality and introduction of species
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Forest clearing
Necessary to build houses for Australia’s increasing population. Also native trees could be replaced with familiar English gardens
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Water quality
Settlers built close to waterways which caused pollution
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Introduction of species
Settlers introduced many foreign species of animals and plants such as rabbit, foxes and blackberries
Relationships of the first non Indigenous settlers
Impacts
The sheep were hard hoofed and aggressive grazers which in combination with land clearing cause soil erosion and loss of quality pasture with deep rooted perennial grasses disappearing from many areas.
Forest clearing: Australian native flora and fauna was being cleared which also destroyed the faun as habitat.
Species: the introduction of new species caused disease to spread, killing Australian animals and people
Impacts that the first non indigenous settlers had on Wilsons prom
Sealing
Began in 1798 at the prom at sealers cove.
Seals were valued for their fur and blubber.
They thought there was an abundant supply and there were no regulations on catch sizes.
By 1830s most seals had been killed and the industry died off
Impacts that the first non indigenous settlers had on Wilsons prom
Whaling
Occurred at the same time but continued again in 1841-1847.
Whales were seen as a threat to early settlers.
Whale number declined and whaling became unsustainable.
Cutting timber for firewood to burn down blubber and clearing at different locations
Impacts that the first non indigenous settlers had on Wilsons prom
Logging
Occurred at different locations during 1849-1920.
With many people working on the goldfields the demand for timber was high.
Soil disturbance.
Clearing of vegetation.
Loss of old growth trees and habitats for wildlife.
A small town established in sealers cove consisted of 61 people. A railway line was made to remove timber and seal fur to Melbourne and Sydney.
Impacts that the first non indigenous settlers had on Wilsons prom
Farming
Sheep and cattle grazing occurred at various places in Wilsons prom from the 1850-1992 where it was phased out.
Saw the proms natural grasslands as ideal pasture for their stock.
Cattle altered the structure of native vegetation (trampling and grazing)
Formation of tracks. Weed dispersal
increasing population
Gold rush
The population of Victoria doubled from the first discovery in 1851-1858.
Melbourne, Ballarat, Geelong and Bendigo also had an enormous increase in population. This increase put a huge strain on resources
Increasing population
Gold rush impacts
Deforestation, redirection of water, erosion, habitat loss, infrastructure
Increasing population
Gold rush impacts
Deforestation
Timber is needed quickly for housing, fuel and tools
Increasing population
Gold rush impacts
Redirection of water
Water is needed for panning, cradling, washing, cooking and drinking
Increasing population
Gold rush impacts
Erosion
Due to trees being cut down
