unit 3 medicine Flashcards
who was Lister
lectured other doctors about carbolic acid
treated his first patient Jamie successfully in 1865
lead to aseptic surgery in the1890s and today
what did Simpson do
discovered chloroform by accident - his friends and him knocked over a bottle then were found asleep
surgery on queen victoria using chloroform during child birth popularised it in 1850
other surgeons used it
what did ehrlich do
made antibiotics - a drug that could tackle germs and bacteria
created idea of magic bullets
what did koch do
identified different types of bacteria that caused different types of illnesses
used a microscope
found causes of typhoid and diptheria so fewer ppl died
his technique allowed for other scientists to find microbes too
what did Pasteur do
influencer other individuals: Koch, Ehrlich, Lister
Discovered Germ theory in 1861: given money by the french government and used a team of doctors and vets to help him develop vaccination
Found a vaccine against chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies
When did pasteur discover pasteurisation
1854 - foot could be recovered by heating it - it is then safe for the human body
what did ehrlich create
1910 - created Salvarsan 606 which killed germs causing syphilis
three inventions made
stethoscope created in paris in 1816 and then common from 1850
1895 - xray machine
thermometers
effects of Lister
mortality rates fell from 46 percent in 1867 to 15 percent by 1870
why was listers methods not accepted by everyone
carbolic spray slowed operations
operating conditions unpleasant
some surgeons were not as careful so less success rate
health in industrial towns (unit 3)
overcrowding
infectious diseases e.g. typhoid spread quickly
few safety rules in work place e.g. chimney boys
no regulation of food or hygiene
what did John Snow do
Argued cholera was caused by infected water
In 1854 epidemic, he worked out which water pump infected houses used and removed the handle of that water pump then the outbreak ended
it was found out lining of nearby cesspit had cracked, which meant contents had leaked into the drinking water
HE DID THIS BEFORE GERM THEORY
what did edwin chadwick do
wrote a report of public health in 1842 which wanted to improve public health conditions of poor people
introduced Boards of health which were responsible for improving public health
supported the government to pass the Public Health Act of 1848
What did Florence Nightingale do
Founded a training school for nurses at St Thomas’ Hospital in London
Improved sanitation and ventilation in British Hospitals
Reduced death rates in Crimean Field hospitals which inspired that some actions could be taken in other settings
how did government attitudes change
went from laissez faire to introducing legislation
