Unit 3 list 2 Cell Cycle VLH Flashcards
Anaphase
the stage of the cell cycle in which duplicated chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell
Cancer
Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs
Cancer checkpoints
Checkpoint proteins, such as PD-L1 on tumor cells and PD-1 on T cells, help keep immune responses in check
Cell Cycle
the ordered sequence of events that occur in a cell in preparation for cell division
Cell Differentiation
The process during which young, immature (unspecialized) cells take on individual characteristics and reach their mature (specialized) form and function
Centrioles
paired barrel-shaped organelles located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
Centromere
the region of a chromosome to which the microtubules of the spindle attach, via the kinetochore, during cell division
Chromatid
one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division
Chromatin
A highly organized condensed structure made up of DNA, RNA, and proteins that forms the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
Chromosomes
A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell
Cytokinesis
divides the cytoplasm of a parent cell into two daughter cells
Interphase
the phase of the cell cycle in which a typical cell spends most of its life
Metaphase
a stage during the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis)
Mitosis
a process of cell duplication, in which one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells
Nucleolus
An area inside the nucleus of a cell that is made up of RNA and proteins and is where ribosomes are made
