Unit 2 Chemistry VLH Flashcards
Atoms
The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons (chemistry, physics)
Molecules
The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds (chemistry)
Substances
A form of matter that has constant chemical composition and characteristic properties
Homogeneous Mixtures
A mixture that is uniform throughout, and has only one phase
Heterogeneous Mixtures
A mixture that is separated into different regions or phases that have different compositions or properties
Chemical Properties
Any of a material’s properties that becomes evident during a chemical reaction (chemistry)
Physical Properties
Any property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions
Isotopes
Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons within their nuclei. Thus, isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number (nuclear physics)
Elements
One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based
Compounds
A substance formed by chemical bonding of two or more elements in definite proportions by weight (chemistry)
Reactants
Any of the participants present at the start of a chemical reaction, specifically one that is consumed during the reaction (chemistry)
Products
A chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction (chemistry)
Hydrogen Bonds
A weak bond in which a hydrogen atom in one molecule is attracted to an electronegative atom (usually nitrogen or oxygen) in the same or different molecule (chemistry)
Covalent Bonds
A type of chemical bond where two atoms are connected to each other by the sharing of two or more electrons (chemistry)
Ionic Bonds
A type of chemical bond where two atoms or molecules are connected to each other by electrostatic attraction (chemistry)
Cation
A positively charged ion, i. e. one that would be attracted to the cathode in electrolysis (physical chemistry)
Anion
An electro-negative element or the element which, in electro-chemical decompositions, is evolved at the anode; – opposed to cation.
Periodic Table-Groups
Group, in chemistry, a column in the periodic table of the chemical elements
Periodic Table-Rows
Periods are the horizontal rows
Valence Electrons
Any of the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom (the valence shell); capable of forming bonds with other atoms (chemistry)
PH Scale
A scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution
Acids
Any compound which yields H ions (protons) when dissolved in water; an Arrhenius acid
Bases
Any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water
