Unit 3 list 1 Macromolecules VLH

Question 1

Macromolecules

Answer 1

any very large molecule, usually with a diameter ranging from about 100 to 10,000 angstroms (10−5 to 10−3 mm)

Question 2

Organic

Answer 2

relating to or derived from living matter.

Question 3

Monomer

Answer 3

atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures such as polymers

Question 4

Polymer

Answer 4

any of a class of natural or synthetic substances composed of very large molecules, called macromolecules, which are multiples of simpler chemical units called monomers

Question 5

Carbohydrates

Answer 5

sugar molecules

Question 6

Lipids

Answer 6

fatty compounds that perform a variety of functions in your body

Question 7

Fatty acids

Answer 7

a carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group, especially any of those occurring as esters in fats and oils.

Question 8

Protein

Answer 8

made up of chemical ‘building blocks’ called amino acids

Question 9

Amino acids

Answer 9

molecules that combine to form proteins

Question 10

Enzymes

Answer 10

proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies

Question 11

Catalyst

Answer 11

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change

Question 12

Nucleic acids

Answer 12

large biomolecules that play essential roles in all cells and viruses

Question 13

Nucleotide

Answer 13

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Question 14

Hormone

Answer 14

Hormones are your body’s chemical messengers

Question 15

Steroids

Answer 15

a man-made version of hormones normally produced by the adrenal glands

Question 16

Dehydration synthesis

Answer 16

Formation of disaccharides from monosaccharides in carbohydrates, the formation of lipids with one glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids

Question 17

Hydrolysis

Answer 17

a common form of a chemical reaction where water is mostly used to break down the chemical bonds that exists between a particular substance