UNIT 3 Lesson 1-5

Question 1

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 1

it is a substance that conducts an electric current when dissolved in water

Question 2

fill in the blank

therefore an _____ allows electricity to flow through it.

Answer 2

electrolytic solution

Question 3

what happens when an electrolyte is dissolved in water?

Answer 3

it seperates into thwo iona of oposite charges: positive and negative

Question 4

What is dissociation?

Answer 4

When an ionic compound is dissolved in water. This means the ions separate.

Question 5

What type of molecule is made of ions?

Answer 5

ionic compounds

Question 6

What are the steps for electrolytic dissociation euqations?

Answer 6

1.seperate the elements
2.write the charges(use periodic table)
3.make sure the little numbers become bigger numbers (watch out for cant touch thisss)
4. include the state of the matter (aq)
tip= the charges will always equal eachother

Question 7

The amount of current flowing ina solution depends on ….

Answer 7

the amount of ionas present

Question 8

(..) …

the higher the degree of dissociation = …

Answer 8

(the greater the number of ions)= the stronger the electrolyte

Question 9

Describe the non-electrolytic solution and give an example

Answer 9

• a covalent compound (non metal and non metal) is dissolved in water
• so no ions are produced
• example = sugar

Question 10

describe the weak electrolytic solution and give an example

Answer 10

• incomplete ionic dissociation
• results in very few ions being released
  example = vinegar (acetic acid)

Question 11

describe a strong electrolytic solution and give an example

Answer 11

• complete or FULL ionic dissociation
• results in ALL ions being released
  example = salt

Question 12

What are the three types of electrolytes?

Answer 12

1. acids
2. bases
3. salts

Question 13

give me the properties of an acid

Answer 13

• conducts electricity (as electrolytic solution)
• reacts with metals
• taste sour
• turns litmus paper RED

Question 14

give me the properties of a base

Answer 14

• conducts electricity (as electrolytic solution)
• do not react with metals
• taste bitter
• feels slippery
• turns litmus paper BLUE

Question 15

give me the properties of salts

Answer 15

• substance produced by the chemical bonding of a metal and a non metal
• are neutral (not acidic or basic)
• conducts electricity (as electrolytic solution)
• do not react with metals
• do not affect litmus paper

Question 16

how do you identify an acid?

Answer 16

• acids contain a positive hydrogen ion (H+) in the formula
• C and H only are not acids, they are hydrocarbons
• exception is NH3, it is a base

Question 17

how do you identify a base

Answer 17

• usually conatin a negative hydroxide ion (OH-) in the formula
• CH3COOH or C2H4O2 is an exception, it is an acid

Question 18

how do you recognize a salt

Answer 18

look for a non metal and a metal

Question 19

the ph of a solution is …

Answer 19

an indication of the concnetraion of H+ ions in that solution

Question 20

what does PH mean?

Answer 20

• “the power of Hydrogen” or “potential of Hydrogen”

Question 21

describe acidic vs basic solutions

Answer 21

• acidic solutions have a ph of acids less than 7, while bases have a ph of greater than 7
• there will be more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions in an acidic solution while in a basic solution there are more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions

Question 22

what is another word for basic?

Answer 22

alkaline

Question 23

what ph does neutral have

Answer 23

7

Question 23

red litmus paper is associated with what solutions

Answer 23

acidic

Question 24

blue litmus paper is associated with what solutions

Answer 24

basic\alkaline

Question 25

explain the logarithmic scale

Answer 25

- each unit on the scale represents a factor of 10 - so a ph of 4 is 10000 H+ or 1.0 x 10(-4) - ph = -log(molar concentration) - molar concentration of the hydrogen ions so mol/L

Question 26

acid-base neutralization is a kind of ....

Answer 26

chemical reaction

Question 27

how do you achieve a neutralization?

Answer 27

when an acid and a base are mixed to the point where the number of H+ and OH- ions become equal

Question 28

what do you get when you mix an acid and a base?

Answer 28

water and salt

Question 29

neutralization reactions are always.... with...

Answer 29

double displacement reactions, one of the products ALWAYS being water and the other salt

Question 30

how do you write out an acid-base neutralization reaction?

Answer 30

1. use up the H's and O's by making water (h20) 2. then for the remaining ions make salt (by using the peridoic table adn looking at the metal and non-metal) 3. then balance the equation if needed

Question 31

what is a buffering capacity?

Answer 31

- the capactiy a solution (like soil) has to stay as basic as possible even when undergoing certain condiitons (like acid rain)

Question 32

what are the types of motion? and their abbreviation

Answer 32

1. Translation left to right and right to left (Tx) 2. Translation top to bottom or bottom to top (Ty) 3. Translation back to front or front to back (Tz) 4. Rotation around the X axis (Rx) 5. Rotation around the Y axis (Ry) 6. Rotation around the Z axis (Rz)

Question 33

how many degrees of freedom are there?

Answer 33

6

Question 34

Give 3 examples total for translation motions (make them each different kinds)

Answer 34

1. Tx window 2. Ty hand sanitizer pump 3. Tz drawer

Question 35

Give 3 examples total for rotation motions (make them each different kinds)

Answer 35

1. Rx light switches 2. Ry opening a waterbottle 3. Rz door handle

Question 36

What is the 1st question to ask for links? and what does it answer

Answer 36

1. Do the parts require something else to hold them together? no = direct yes = indirect

Question 37

when a link is direct is it automatically what?

Answer 37

RIGID

Question 38

What is the 2nd question to ask for links? and what does it answer

Answer 38

2. is the material linking the parts together flexible? no = rigid (screw) yes = elastic (spring holds it together)

Question 39

What is the 3rd question to ask for links? and what does it answer

Answer 39

3. Can the object be taken apart wihout causing damage to the pieces? no = permanent (nail) yes = removeable (screw)

Question 40

What is the 4th question to ask for links? and what does it answer

Answer 40

4. Is movement possible betweeen the two parts? no = complete yes = partial

Question 41

what is transational guiding?

Answer 41

ensures the straight-line motion of moving parts

Question 42

what is rotational guiding?

Answer 42

ensures the roational motion of moving parts

Question 43

what is helical guiding?

Answer 43

ensures the transational motion of a moving part while it rotates about the same axis

Question 44

# who am i ? the mechanical function performed by a component that controls the motion of one or more moving parts

Answer 44

guiding

Question 45

# who am i the phenomenon by which two surfaces tend to remain in contact wih each other without slipping

Answer 45

Adhesion

Question 46

# who am i a force that resists the slipping of one moving part over another

Answer 46

friction