Unit 3- Health and Wellness, Range of Motion, Assistive Devices

Question 1

What is the Health Promotion Model

Answer 1

is behavior motivated by the desire to increase well-being and optimize health status.

Question 2

What does Holistic Health compromised of?

Answer 2

Holistic models focus on the interrelatedness of body and mind. Incorporating features of spirituality, emotional security, and environment into natural, holistic care supports the premise that the body knows how to heal itself if given the proper support.

Question 3

What is the Health Belief Model?

Answer 3

It explores how patients’ a attitudes and beliefs predict health behavior.

Question 4

Which one of these actions and Primary Preventative?
A. wearing a Helmet while riding bike
B. Blood sugar check
C Using a walker
D. Drug rehab

Answer 4

A. wearing a Helmet while riding bike

Question 5

Which one of these actions is Secondary Preventative?
A. getting a Papsmear
B. limiting your processed food intake
C. Smoking a cigarette
D. Getting optimal sunlight to increase the absorption of calcium

Answer 5

A. getting a Papsmear

Question 6

Which one of these actions is Tertiary Preventative?
A. Using a walker after having a stroke
B.getting a covid vaccine
C. taking insulin
D. Eating fruits

Answer 6

A. Using a walker after having a stroke

Question 7

What is Health Protection?

Answer 7

includes intentional behaviors aimed at circumventing illness, detecting it early, and maintaining the best possible level of mental and physiologic function within the boundaries of illness

Question 8

What BMI would indicate a pt is morbidly obese?
A. 45kg/m^2
B. 24kg/m^2
C. 30kg/m^2
D. 17.6kg/m^2

Answer 8

A. 45kg/m^2

Question 9

How does the World Health Organization define health promotion or heath?

Answer 9

The World Health Organization defines health promotion as “the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health”

Question 10

What is wellness?

Answer 10

Wellness is a process of self-care achieved by making choices leading to a healthy life. Wellness knowledge empowers a person to become more aware of bodily needs and how to meet those needs.

Question 11

What pt would be a priority pt?
A. Chronically ill patient
B. Acutely ill Patient

Answer 11

Correct answer is B. Acutely ill Patient

Question 12

What are the factors that impacts health and illnesses.

Answer 12

-Age
-Gender
-Genetic and inherited traits
- Lifestyle
-Environemt
-Influence of family and Peers
-Tradition or religious beliefs
-Developmental Level

Question 13

Which of the listed basic needs identified by Maslow must be addressed first when providing nursing care?
A. Self-esteem
B. Love and belonging
C. Self-actualization
D. Nutrition and elimination

Answer 13

D. Nutrition and elimination

Question 14

A nurse providing preventive care to an overweight female with a family history of diabetes should engage in which priority care-planning activity for this patient?
A. Calculating the patient’s waist-to-hip ratio and recommending a daily exercise routine
B. Instructing the patient to perform blood glucose monitoring once daily
C. Giving the patient a month’s supply of insulin needles and syringes
D. Suggesting the patient participate in diabetes education classes offered at a local health facility

Answer 14

A. Calculating the patient’s waist-to-hip ratio and recommending a daily exercise routine

Question 15

An 8-year-old girl is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse may expect fear and crying when teaching the child how to self-administer insulin injections due to which influencing factor?
A. Self-concept
B. Self-esteem
C. Developmental level
D. Hierarchy of needs

Answer 15

C. Developmental level

EXPLANATION - Even when the child understands about having the disease, she is less likely to understand the need for insulin therapy due to her emotional and comprehension level of development. A child’s self-concept is not well established at this point, and self-esteem is not a major factor. Hierarchy of needs is not yet fully developed because the child depends on her parents for the basic level of needs.

Extra info-The concept of illness is different at each level of development. Fear and anxiety are common and appropriate traits for children and adults. The impact of disease may be beyond the ability of a child or developmentally delayed adult to comprehend

Question 16

When a patient uses a cane to ambulate, the patient will hold the cane on the?*
A. Weak side
B. 
Strong side
C. It does not matter. The patient should choose what side is the most comfortable for them.

Answer 16

B. 
Strong side

Question 17

A patient will be using a walker for the first time. You adjust the walker to fit the patient. Which finding below demonstrates that the walker properly fits the patient? *
A. There is a 2-3 finger width distance between the hand grips of the walker and the wrists.
B. The elbows bend at about a 15-30-degree angle when the patient holds onto the hand grips of the walker.
C. The patient’s back is mid-line with the crossbar of the walker.
D. The crossbar of the walker is even with the greater trochanter.

Answer 17

B. The elbows bend at about a 15-30-degree angle when the patient holds onto the hand grips of the walker.

Question 18

12. While the patient ambulates in the hallway with a walker, the nurse will make it priority to?*
    A. stand on the patient’s strong side.
    B. stand behind the patient.
    C. stand in front of the patient
    D.
stand on the patient’s weak side.

Answer 18

A. stand on the patient’s strong side.

Question 19

What is the highest priority for a patient with a unsteady gate?
A.Decreasing fluid intake
B.Fall precautions
C. Not administering their pain medications
D. Getting them a cup of ice

Answer 19

B.Fall precautions

EXTRA INFO
Fall prevention is a high priority for patients with unsteady gait, poor posture, or balance concerns. Encourage patients who have been immobile to call for assistance before ambulation.

Question 20

How would you assess a patient’s Range of Motion?
A. Asking the pt to move all joints
B. Having the patient dance
C. Casually inspecting the patients movement
D. Asking the night shift nurse the patients mobility status

Answer 20

A. Asking the pt to move all joints

Question 21

What is Active Range of Motion (ROM)?
A. A patient needs assistance moving all joints
B. A patient can move all joints independently
C. A patient cannot move their legs
D. A patient does not want to participate in any range of motion

Answer 21

B. A patient can move all joints independently

Extra info

To assess joint ROM, the nurse asks the patient to actively demonstrate full movement of each joint (active range of motion)

Question 22

What is Passive Range of Motion(ROM)?
A. The patient is dancing
B. The patient does not want to participate in range of motion
C.The patient can independently move their joints
D. The patient needs assistance moving their joint

Answer 22

D. The patient needs assistance moving their joint

Extra Info

or the nurse passively moves each joint to the point of resistance while evaluating patient’s comfort level (passive range of motion)

Question 23

To assess the joints, a nurse asks a client to perform various movements. As the client moves his arm away from the midline, the nurse evaluates his ability to perform:
A. Adduction
B. Abduction
C. Flexion
D. Extension

Answer 23

B. Abduction

Extra info

A client performs abduction when moving a body part away from the midline.

Question 24

Which indicates that performing passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises on an unconscious client has been successful?
A. joint mobility is intact and is being maintained
B. joint mobility is deteriorating
C. pt can run
D. pt can walk

Answer 24

A. joint mobility is intact

Extra info

The goal of performing passive ROM exercises is to maintain joint mobility.

Question 25

A patient will be using a walker for the first time. You adjust the walker to fit the patient. Which finding below demonstrates that the walker properly fits the patient? *

A. There is a 2-3 finger width distance between the hand grips of the walker and the wrists.
B. The elbows bend at about a 15–30-degree angle when the patient holds onto the hand grips of the walker.
C. The patient’s back is mid-line with the crossbar of the walker.
D. The crossbar of the walker is even with the greater trochanter.

Answer 25

B. The elbows bend at about a 15–30-degree angle when the patient holds onto the hand grips of the walker.

Question 26

Your patient is prescribed to use crutches for ambulation. The patient can bear partial weight and needs to be taught how to use the two-point gait while using crutches. Which description below best describes this type of gait with crutches? *

A. The patient moves both crutches forward and then moves both legs forward to the same point as the crutches.
B. The patient moves the right crutch (injured side), then moves the left foot (non-injured side), then moves the left crutch (non-injured side), and then moves the right foot (injured side).
C. The patient moves both the right crutch (injured side) and left foot (non-injured side) forward together, and then moves the left crutch (non-injured side) and right foot (injured side) forward together.
D. The patient moves both crutches and injured leg forward together, and then moves the non-injured leg forward.

Answer 26

B. The patient moves the right crutch (injured side), then moves the left foot (non-injured side), then moves the left crutch (non-injured side), and then moves the right foot (injured side).

Extra info

Think of the two point gait as a robot walk , move one crutch the move opposite leg , then move the other crutch and then move the opposite leg.

Question 27

While your patient is ambulating with crutches, he moves both crutches forward along with the injured leg and then moves the non-injured forward. When you document you will note that the patient used what type of gait while ambulating with crutches? *

A. Two-point gait
B. Three-point gait
C. Four-point gait
D. Swing-to-gait

Answer 27

B. Three-point gait

Extra info

The patient moves both crutches and the weak foot forward at the same time. Alternately, if the patient is non–weight bearing on one side, the leg can be held off the ground.

Question 28

While using crutches the patient moves both crutches forward and then moves both legs forward past the placement of the crutches. This is known as the:*
A. Two-point gait
B. Swing-to-gait
C. Swing-through-gait
D. Three-point gait

Answer 28

C. Swing-through-gait

Question 29

While going down the stairs with crutches the patient will move the crutches down onto the step followed by? *
A. moving the non-injured leg down onto the step.
B. moving the injured leg down onto the step.
C. moving both legs down onto the step.

Answer 29

B. moving the injured leg down onto the step.
Extra Info

Fig. 28.11 shows a patient with crutches ascending stairs. The patient transfers weight from the crutches to the unaffected leg on the stairs. The crutches are then brought up onto the stair and aligned with the unaffected leg. In descending stairs (Fig. 28.12), body weight is transferred from the unaffected leg to the crutches. The unaffected leg is then brought down onto the stair and aligned with the crutches.

Question 30

Which demonstration by the patient below shows that the patient knows how to properly ambulate a cane? *

A. The patient holds the cane on the strong side and moves the cane and weak side forward together, and then moves the strong side.
B. The patient holds the cane on the strong side and moves the cane forward, then moves the weak side, and then moves the strong side.
C. The patient holds the cane on the weak side and moves the cane forward, then moves the weak side, and then moves the strong side.
D. The patient holds the cane on the weak side and moves the cane and weak side forward together, and then moves the strong side.

Answer 30

B. The patient holds the cane on the strong side and moves the cane forward, then moves the weak side, and then moves the strong side.

Extra info

The patient should hold the cane on his or her stronger side and move the cane forward first, followed by the weaker leg and then the stronger leg.

Question 31

What is the proper flexion of the elbow for a pt using a walker?
A. 40 degrees
B. 15-30 degrees
C. 30 degrees
D. 20 degrees

Answer 31

B. 15-30 degrees

Question 32

What is the proper flexion of the elbow for a pt using crutches?
A.15 degrees
B. 36 degrees
C. 30 degrees
D. 27 degrees

Answer 32

C. 30 degrees

Question 33

What is the proper flexion of the elbow for a pt using cane?
A. 100 degrees
B. 24 degrees
C. 30 degrees
D. 20 degrees

Answer 33

C. 30 degrees

Question 34

A nurse turns a client’s ankle so that the sole of the foot moves medially toward the midline. Which word should the nurse use when documenting exactly what was done during range-of-motion exercises?
1. Inversion
2. Adduction
3. Plantar flexion
4. Internal rotation

Answer 34

1. Inversion

Inversion, a gliding movement of the foot, occurs by turning the sole of the foot medially toward the midline of the body.

Question 35

A nurse turns the palm of a client’s hand downward when performing range-of-motion exercises. Which word should the nurse use when documenting exactly what was done?
1. Pronation
2. Lateral flexion
3. Circumduction
4. External rotation

Answer 35

1. Pronation

Pronation of the hand occurs by rotating the hand and arm so that the palm of the hand is facing down toward the floor.

Question 36

A nurse raises a client’s arm forward and upward over the head during range-ofmotion exercises. Which word should the nurse use when documenting exactly what was done during this range-of-motion exercise?
1. Flexion
2. Supination
3. Opposition
4. Hyperextension

Answer 36

1. Flexion

The shoulder, a ball-and-socket joint, flexes by raising the arm from a position by the side of the body forward and upward to a position beside the head.

Question 37

Ascending stairs with crutches

Answer 37

Fig. 28.11 shows a patient with crutches ascending stairs. The patient transfers weight from the crutches to the unaffected leg on the stairs. The crutches are then brought up onto the stair and aligned with the unaffected leg.
1.Unaffected leg first
2.Crutches
3.Then affected leg

Question 38

Descending stairs with crutches

Answer 38

Descending Crutches- Skill

In descending stairs (Fig. 28.12), body weight is transferred from the unaffected leg to the crutches. The unaffected leg is then brought down onto the stair and aligned with the crutches.