Isolation And Safety Precautions

Question 1

Contact Precautions ( Diseases)

Answer 1

• The following are typical diseases and conditions requiring use of contact precautions:
• Multidrug-resistant organisms,
• Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), methicillin-resistant
• Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),
• Clostridium difficile,
• Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),
• Hepatitis A
• Scabies
• and
• herpes simplex virus
• Draining wounds in which certain organisms have been cultured
  *

Question 2

Airborne Precautions ( Diseases)

Airborne precautions are used when known or suspected contagious diseases can be transmitted by means of small droplets or particles that can remain suspended in the air for prolonged periods.

Small droplets or particles can cause disease transmission over a greater distance and longer time than larger droplets

Answer 2

• A negative-pressure room with a high-efficiency particulate air
(HEPA) filtration system is necessary
• A special N95 respirator mask is required, Medical evaluation and measurement for the wearer are required before obtaining the respirator. It must be fit-tested by the facility.
  Typical diseases and pathogens include the following.
• Varicella or disseminated varicella zoster (chickenpox)
• Rubeola (measles)
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis (pulmonary or laryngeal tuberculosis)
• Herpes zoster

Question 3

Droplet Precautions (Diseases)

Answer 3

Typical diseases include the following:
* Pharyngeal diphtheria
* Mumps
* Rubella,
* Pertussis
* Streptococcal pharyngitis
* Scarlet fever
* Pneumonias (streptococcal, mycoplasmal, meningococcal)
* Pneumonic plague
* Meningococcal sepsis
* Influenza