Unit 3- Hardware and Software

Question 1

moores law

Answer 1

Processor speeds and power would double every two years

Question 2

FORTRAN

Answer 2

numerical based computer lenguages developed in the 40’s and 50’s. stands for Formula Translation/Translator and is used for math, engineering, and scientific calculations.

Question 3

COBOL

Answer 3

English like programming lenguages. Stands for Common Business Oriented Language `

Question 4

Mother board

Answer 4

similarly the backplane, of a system is the device that contains the system bus and connects the various input and output devices that compose any given computer system.

Question 5

RAM

Answer 5

Random Access Memory: temporary or short term storage used by the processor

Question 6

System bus

Answer 6

The medium through which communications between the input processor storage and output occur. (The one “wire” that connects everything together)

Question 7

storage

Answer 7

components include primary temporary storage and secondary long-term storage devices.

Question 8

primary storage

Answer 8

CPU cache and random access memory (RAM), are typically referred to as volatile flash memory, meaning that information storage is temporary and can only be stored until power is removed.

Question 9

Secondary storage

Answer 9

accessed only through a system’s input/output bus and is generally several orders of magnitude slower than primary storage technologies.

Question 10

tertiary storage

Answer 10

tertiary storage usually consists of an automated robotic mechanism to mount and dismount magnetic tape or optical discs.

Question 11

decision process for technology

Answer 11

1. Determining how the computer system will be used.
2. Analyzing the available options and their respective costs and benefits
3. Selecting the best option and gaining approval
4. Evaluating the choice after the fact

Question 12

CPU

Answer 12

Central Processing unit, brain of the computer.

• today multiple core processors can be used in tandem for a single computer, tablet or smartphone.
• supercomputers exist today that have the equivalent of mullion of processors. ex: nasa level.

Question 13

secondary storage

Answer 13

• hard disk drive- internal pc

- CD/DVD/ USB drive.

Question 14

open source software

Answer 14

source code available for modification

Question 15

proprietary software

Answer 15

pay license fee to use, cannot modify code. (IOS)

Question 16

types of software:

Answer 16

• system:operating system, windows, macOS
• utility: spyware, antivirus
• application:software that does one large or small ting

Question 17

software languages

Answer 17

• Structure Query Language
• C,C++,JAVA- back end programing most commonly used.
• Object Oriented Languages (treat data as objects)
• PHP,HTML,XML,GUI- front end programing.

Question 18

mainframe

Answer 18

high capacity, high performance system built for large organizations and used to quickly process large volumes of date