Unit 3: Energy

Question 1

what is photosynthesis

Answer 1

process by which organisms use energy from sunlight ti make the sugar glucose

Question 2

what type of organisms do photosynthesis

Answer 2

plants. protists, and bacteria

Question 3

what are the parts of the chloroplast

Answer 3

thylakoid, stroma, grana

Question 4

what is chlorophyll

Answer 4

a pigment that absorbs light energy

Question 5

how do gases enter and exit the leaves of plants

Answer 5

stromata

Question 6

what is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 6

sunglight + 6co2+ 6h20 = c6h2o6 + 6o2

Question 7

what are products of photosynthesis

Answer 7

glucose and oxygen

Question 8

what are the reactants of photosynthesis

Answer 8

light energy, carbon dioxide, and water

Question 9

what are the two main stages in photosynthesis and where do they take place?

Answer 9

light dependant reactions- thylakoids
light independant reactions- stroma

Question 10

what happens in light reactions

Answer 10

when something relies on the light, change to chemical energy, stored in nadph and atp

Question 11

what is produced in the light reactions that goes to the Calvin cycle

Answer 11

atp and nadph

Question 12

what happens in the calvin cycle

Answer 12

use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules

Question 13

why is photosynthesis important

Answer 13

it transform water, sunlight and carbon dioxide into oxygen

Question 14

what is cellular respiration

Answer 14

process that converts glucose into atp

Question 15

which organisms do cellular respiration

Answer 15

plants, animals, other eukaryotes

Question 16

what is atp

Answer 16

energy carrying molecule for cells ( fuel for the cell)

Question 17

what are the parts of the mitochondrion

Answer 17

matrix, cristae, inner/ outer membrane

Question 18

what is the chemical equation for cellular respiration

Answer 18

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 = 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP

Question 19

what are the reactants of cellular respiration

Answer 19

glucose and oxygen

Question 20

what are the products of cellular respiration

Answer 20

atp, carbon dioxide, and water

Question 21

what are the 3 stages of cellular respiration

Answer 21

Glycolysis- cytoplasm, Kerbs Cycle- matrix, Electron transport chain- inner membrane ( mitochondria)

Question 22

what happens during glycolysis

Answer 22

glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy

Question 23

what happes during the krebs cycle

Answer 23

rest of glucose is broken down and electrons that are extracted go to the etc. Atp is made

Question 24

what happens during the electron transport chain

Answer 24

the electrons go through a chain of proteins that increases its reduction potential and causes a release in energy.

Question 25

what are the molecules that carry electrons to the electron transport chain

Answer 25

NADH

Question 26

how many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis, Krebs cycle, etc?

Answer 26

Glycolysis- 2
Kerbs Cycle- 2
Electron chain- 32-34

Question 27

what is the difference of aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Answer 27

aerobic- requires oxygen
anaerobic- doesnt require oxygen

Question 28

what types of organisms do anaerobic respiration

Answer 28

bacteria

Question 29

what is the byproduct of lactic acid fermentation

Answer 29

2 atp and 2 lactic acid

Question 30

what is the byproduct of alcoholic fermentation

Answer 30

carbon dioxide, 2 atp, ethanol

Question 31

is cellular respiration or fermentation more efficient

Answer 31

cellular respiration because it releases more energy from glucose than fermintation

Question 32

why is a pyramid used to represent the energy and biomass

Answer 32

to show energy transfered

Question 33

how does energy flow through each level of an energy pyramid

Answer 33

90% is converted to heat, 10% is transferred

Question 34

how do autotrophs acquire energy

Answer 34

from sunlight or hetreotrophs

Question 35

what are the 4 types of heterophs what do they consume?

Answer 35

• herbivores- only plants
• carnivores- only meat
• omnivores- both meat and plant
• dertiovores- dead or decaying