cell cycle and cell transport

Question 1

two halves of chromosome that have the same gentic information

Answer 1

sister chromatids

Question 2

during this phase of mitosis, the nuclear membrane dissolves

Answer 2

prophase

Question 3

end result of mitosis

Answer 3

2 identical daughter cells

Question 4

growth phase of the cell in which it spends 90% of its life

Answer 4

interphase

Question 5

physical process that finally splits the cytoplasm of the parent cell into two identical daughter cells

Answer 5

cytokinesis

Question 6

if this cell is in anaphase, how many chromosomes did the initial parent have

Answer 6

four

Question 7

during this phase of mitosis, cytokinesis begins

Answer 7

telophase

Question 8

type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleous, typical of ordinary tissue growth

Answer 8

mitosis

Question 9

points in the eukaryotic cell cycle when the cells are stopped until they are in right conditions

Answer 9

checkpoints

Question 10

if a cell orignally contains 10 chromosomes, how many chromosomes should it have during telephase

Answer 10

20

Question 11

area of a plant cell in which the cytoplasm pinches in during telophase and cytokinesis

Answer 11

cell plate

Question 12

second part of interphase in which cell undergoes dna replication and doubles the number of chromosomes

Answer 12

s- phase

Question 13

reason for cell division in multicellular organsims

Answer 13

growth and repair

Question 14

process in which a cell changes from the one cell type to another usually, the cell changes to a more specialized type

Answer 14

cell diffrentiation

Question 15

An abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or do not die when they should

Answer 15

tumor

Question 16

what is the function of a cell membrane

Answer 16

regulate what enters and exits cell to maintain homeostasis

Question 17

cell membrane is a p_____ b_____ that is S____

Answer 17

Phospolipid bilayer and semipermible

Question 18

what does semipermeable

Answer 18

mean that it allows some substances to pass through membrane but not others

Question 19

what are the two types of cell transport

Answer 19

passive transport and active transport

Question 20

what are the types of passive transport

Answer 20

• simple diffusion
• facilated diffusion
• osmoisis

Question 21

what are the types of active transport

Answer 21

-bulk transport ( endocytosis + exocytosis)
- protein pump

Question 22

number of molecules of a substance in a gain area

Answer 22

concentration

Question 23

what is a concentration gradient

Answer 23

diffrence in concentration from 1 area to another

Question 24

what is diffusion mean

Answer 24

movement of molecules from a high to a low concentration

Question 25

what is simple diffusion

Answer 25

types of molecules that diffuse through membrane - small - hydrophobic - no charge

Question 26

what is facilited diffusion

Answer 26

movement of molecules from higher to a lower concentration using protein

Question 27

what is osmosis

Answer 27

diffusion of water across a semipermiable membrane - water can move directly through membrane or go through proteins called aquaporins

Question 28

describe isotonic

Answer 28

when the solute is the same as the inside + outside - cell stays the same

Question 29

describe hypotonic

Answer 29

concentration of solute on outside of the cell is LOWER than the concentration of the soulte con. inside cell

Question 30

describe hypertonic

Answer 30

concentration of solute on the outside of the cell is HIGHER than concentration of solute inside cell

Question 31

what are the 3 phases of the cell cycle

Answer 31

interphase mitosis and cytokenisis

Question 32

what does interphase do

Answer 32

cell growth or duplication

Question 33

what are the phases of interphase and what do they do

Answer 33

Gap 1- carry out funcitions, grow and make proteins S-phase - Dna repliction Gap 2- more growth, protein sysntheisis, prepares for division

Question 34

generally, what does mitosis do

Answer 34

divides the nucleous

Question 35

generally, what does cytokenisis do

Answer 35

divides cytoplasm

Question 36

what are centrosomere

Answer 36

connects two sister chromotides

Question 37

what does anaphase do

Answer 37

centrosome starts pulling on spindle fibers to pull sister chromotides apart

Question 38

what does metaphase do

Answer 38

sister chromatides move towards middle of cell line called metaphase plate