Unit 3-Early American Life Flashcards
1
Q
Who made up the majority of people who came to America?
A
English (60%)
2
Q
Which nationality became Americans when they moved to America?
A
Britains
3
Q
Who was brought to America against their will?
A
Blacks
4
Q
Who settles in the frontier as the next largest group?
A
Scots, Irish, scotch-irish
5
Q
What did the Germans do when they settles in PA
A
Built the long riffle
Invented conastoga wagons
Iron stove
6
Q
Who was known as Huguenots
A
French protestants
7
Q
Which religion was Paul revere
A
French Protestant
8
Q
Who was a wealthy person, that dressed in fancy clothing?
A
Gentry
9
Q
How was wealth determined in colonial society?
A
By land
10
Q
What did colonial society bring to America?
A
Ideas and costumes from Europe, the belief that people are equal
11
Q
Who were the first slaves?
A
Native Americans
12
Q
Why didn’t the Native Americans work out as slaves?
A
Disease made them die out
13
Q
Where did slaves come from?
A
West Indies or Africa
14
Q
Who were slaves reserved for?
A
People who were not Christian’s (pagans)
15
Q
T/F Africans were not the only people brought to America by force.
A
True kidnappers, kid napped poor people and sent them to America
16
Q
What fraction of British America were of African descent?
A
1 of 5
17
Q
Who is someone that learns a trade by being an assistant
A
Apprentice
18
Q
When do boys start an apprenticeship?
A
At a young age
19
Q
Who were the most respected members of society?
A
Media:journalists, printers, writer, etc
20
Q
Who was the most famous printer in the 1700s?
A
Ben franklin
21
Q
What was franklins most famous writing?
A
Poor Richards Almanac
22
Q
What is poor Richards Almanac?
A
Wise sayings and information
23
Q
What was Ben franklin famous for?
A
Ben was famous for creating bifocals and electricity
24
Q
What is the title of someone who is silversmiths, cabinet makers, and tin smiths?
A
Artisan
25
Others trades and occupations of society?
Farmers and fish men, indentured servants
26
What is an indentured servant?
Work for someone, in return get shelter food and a trip to America
27
What was the economy of Spain?
Mining silver and growing sugar
28
What was the economy of New France
Fur trade
29
Economy of Britain?
Diverse economics-geography affected if, plantations
30
Where were plantations in the British economy?
Southern colonies: Maryland and Virginia had tobacco, Carolinas and Georgia rice and indigo,
New England colonies had an abundance of sea food, built own ships, triangle trade, and navigation acts
31
What was the southern colonies region largest port?
Charleston
32
What helped to bring on revolution in the New England colonies?
Fishing, England imposed navigation acts:said where they could trade
33
Which group of colonies had no special ties to England?
Middle colonies
34
Economy in middle colonies?
Best balanced economy, farming and comerse
35
What were the greatest ports in the middle colonies?
Philadelphia and New York
36
T/F There were few demands on family life.
False heavy demands
37
How was colonial women status determined?
By men
38
What governed colonial family life?
Common law
39
What status did women have?
No legal/political, couldn't serve on a jury
40
How was a child life decided?
By parents
41
What did parents decide for their children?
Marriage and education
42
What was colonia education cared to European education?
People in colonial America were more educated
43
New England colony education?
Became leader in development of public education, beloved everyone should read the Bible(Puritans), literacy rate higher then elsewhere......British America
44
Which colony passed laws about schools?
MA Bay passed laws requiring towns of 50 or more families to maintain a school
45
Outside of New England education?
Teachers lived with families
Women opened "dame schools"
Some children were home schooled
Large plantations
46
What is a dame school?
Opened in women's homes to teach kids
| Dame is a term for women
47
What was education like on the large plantations outside of New England?
Private teachers hired
| Some were sent back to England for college
48
What was college education like?
Primarily training grounds for ministers and lawyers
| Only very wealthy attended
49
Which college was founded first, second, third?
Harvard
William and Mary
Yale
50
What did journalism bring?
1st successful newspaper
| Freedom of press
51
Who was arrested?
John peter zenger
52
What was zenger tried for?
Libel
53
What was the enlightenment?
European intellectual movement, believed all problems could be solved using human reason, applied reason to government and politics, wanted rational religion, church service attendance declined
54
What were the causes of the Great Awakening?
People were preaching for the need for revival of religious belief, Jonathan Edwards put out the idea that we were all damned, George Whitefield traveled back and forth preaching to big crowds
55
What were the effect of the great Awakening?
New religious groups formed (baptists, methodists, Presbyterian), stimulated growth of education institutions, belief grows-all people are equal before god, makes Americans more willing to challenge authority prior to American revolution.
56
What were the problems in England?
Colonies ignored by England, English civil war, mercantilism, navigation acts, problems governing, England fights with Dutch, glorious revolution
57
Who were the rivals in the English civil war?
Charles vs. Parliment
58
What caused a conflict between Charles and parliament?
Charles was demanding money from towns and cities which was not his job, it was parliaments job
59
What did parliment think Charles was trying to do?
Limit their power
60
What did parliment do in reposing to Charles demanding of money?
Ordered an execution for him
61
Who sided with parliment?
Oliver Cromwell, he was governor of England for the next decade
62
What was Cromwell known as?
Lord Protector
63
What did Cromwell do?
Led parliment army against Charles
64
After attaching Charles what did parliment realize?
There was a need for stability
65
What did parliment do to try and restore the stability?
Restored the monarchy with Charles the second, focused in economic matters
66
What is a balance of trade?
Mercantilism
67
T/F there was equal values between import and exports.
False, there should be more exports then imports
68
What did the navigation acts do?
Required colonies to sell certain goods, only to eng
69
Examples of the goods that could be sold to England in the navigational acts
Sugar, tobacco, cotton
70
What did colines have to use in order to trade?
England ships
71
What did colonists do to get around the navigation acts?
Smuggling
72
What were the terms of the navigation acts?
Colonists sell certain products only to England, must use English ships
73
Why were there problems governing?
Ocean was father of self govt
Kings major problem was New England
The charter was revoked from royal colonies
74
Why did England fight with Dutch?
Fighting over control of trade and land in North America
75
What was the glorious revolution?
A new era of representative govt-> parliment showed it was supreme
76
Who were the monarchs in the glorious revolution?
William and Mary
77
Why did Britains colonial policy come about?
There were four wars that happened with France
78
What were the four wars with France?
King Williams War
Queen Anne's War
King George's War
French and Indian War
79
What was significant about the French and Indians war?
Started in the colonies and spread to America
80
What did Europeans call the French and Indian War?
7yrs War
81
What was the first enforcement made by Britain to the colonies?
Salutary neglect
82
T/F England rarely interfered directly in affairs with N American colonies.
True as a result the colonies prospered and developed own institutions
83
What was the results of salutary neglect?
Peace with France, could now turn attention to colonies
84
What was the last effort to for Britain to place a policy on colonies?
Albany plan of union
85
Time line leading ho to the Albany plan of union...
1. Before battles American leaders called the colonies to unite
2. June 1754 colonial congress met in Albany NY
3. 159 Indians attend and representiaves from 7 colonies
4. Ben franklin wrote out a plan
5. The plan provided model for later us govt
86
What was franklins plan for the Albany plan of union?
Wanted permanent union of colonies
87
How did people react to franklins plan
It was rejected
88
What happened in the first part of the French and Indian War?
The British were defeated and the french won
89
Why did the British lose?
Braddock sent 1500 British troops and 450 colonial militia to fort Duquesne, the 900 F+I held a surprise attack, 1/3 of the British force were killed or wounded
90
What event happened after the Frenchs surprise attack?
Great Britain formally declared war on France
91
Who became prime minister of England?
William Pitt
92
What did Pitt do?
Persuaded parliment to raise taxes and borrow large sum savings of money to fight the war
93
What did Pitt realize about the British?
Realized they were fighting for world wide empire
94
What happens half way through the war?
The british become more prepared and better led, they began to overwhelm the French and Indian forces
95
When british began to outnumber the French what did they do first?
Attacked long line of fort and settlements the French built, seized st louisburg, and captured fort Duquesne and took fort niagra
96
Why was st louisburg significant?
On the gulf of the st Lawrence
97
When did the Iroquois begin to support Britain?
When the tide of war turns because of the Britishs increase in numbers
98
What is the capital of New France?
Quebec
99
Who seized Quebec and what side?
British, Wolfe
100
What did Wolfe do to capture Quebec?
He held a surprise attack,
101
Who was involved in taking Quebec?
Wolfe (Br) vs. Monteclam(Fr)
102
When was the war nearly over?
After the fall of Quebec
103
After the fall of Quebec how much longer did the war last?
Two years
104
Who made the mistake of joining the French and Indian War 2 years before it was over?
The Spanish
105
What did Spanish loose as a result of joining the conflict?
Havanna (Cuba) and Manilla (Philippines)
106
Towards the end of the war what begins to happen to the French and Spanish empires in North America?
They begin to dissolve
107
What did the British empire consist of?
India to miss river
108
When did the births nearly control the sea?
When the French and Spanish empires dissolved
109
Who signed the treaty of Paris?
Great Britain, France, and Spain
110
What were the terms of the treaty?
Ended the war in America
France ceded present day Canada to Great Britain and all the lands from the miss river to Appalachian mountains
GB returned Cuba and manilla to Spain in exchange for fl
111
What were the results of the French and Indian War?
Colonists felt a loss of respect for British military power
Believed British did not treat them with respect
Colonists saw no reason why they shouldn't expand and prosper on their own without British help
