Unit 3 - Cultural Patterns and Processes

Question 1

A group’s learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects

Answer 1

culture

Question 2

Belief systems, customs, and traditions; building blocks of culture

Answer 2

cultural trait

Question 3

A group of culture traits all interrelated and dominated by one essential trait

Answer 3

cultural complex

Question 4

The unifying expressive components of everyday life as enacted by localized, tradition-bound groups

Answer 4

folk culture

Question 5

The area in which a unique culture or specific trait develops

Answer 5

culture hearth

Question 6

The broad areas where groups share similar but not identical cultural traits

Answer 6

cultural region

Question 7

Clearly defined by government or experts (states)

Answer 7

formal region

Question 8

Based on interaction and are usually focused on a node or focus point

Answer 8

functional region

Question 9

Based on how people think about certain places

Answer 9

perceptual region

Question 10

How the boundaries of a region reflect the human imprint on the environment

Answer 10

cultural landscape

Question 11

Clusters of people of the same culture, but surrounded by people of a culture that is dominant in that region

Answer 11

ethnic enclaves

Question 12

Larger areas that include several regions

Answer 12

culture realm

Question 13

the process of intensified interaction among peoples, governments, and companies of different countries around the globe

Answer 13

globalization

Question 14

The increasing sense of connectivity that seems to be bringing people closer together even though their distances are the same.

Answer 14

space-time compression

Question 15

When cultural traits such as clothing, music, movies, and types of business spread quickly over a large area

Answer 15

popular culture

Question 16

The spreading of information, ideas, behaviors, and other aspects of culture over wide areas

Answer 16

diffusion

Question 17

The spread of cultural traits by people migrate and carry their cultural traits with them

Answer 17

relocation diffusion

Question 18

The spread of cultural traits through direct or indirect exchange without migration

Answer 18

expansion diffusion

Question 19

A cultural trait that spreads continuously outward from its hearth through contact among people

Answer 19

contagious diffusion

Question 20

The spread of culture outward from the most interconnected places or from centers of wealth and importance

Answer 20

hierarchical diffusion

Question 21

When a trait diffuses from the lower class to the higher class

Answer 21

reverse hierarchical diffusion

Question 22

When people in a culture adopt an underlying idea or process from another culture, but modify it because they reject one trait of it.

Answer 22

stimulus diffusion

Question 23

Assimilation to a different culture, typically the dominant one.

Answer 23

acculturation

Question 24

When an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group

Answer 24

assimilation

Question 25

The co-existence of diverse cultures, where culture includes racial, religious, or cultural groups

Answer 25

multiculturalism

Question 26

The policy of protecting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants

Answer 26

nativist

Question 27

A scientist who studies languages

Answer 27

linguist

Question 28

A large group of languages that might all have descended from a language spoken about 6,000 years ago.

Answer 28

Indo-European language family

Question 29

Shows how several languages are related to one another

Answer 29

language tree

Question 30

Languages that originate from Latin.

Answer 30

Romance language

Question 31

The boundaries between variations in pronunciation or word usage

Answer 31

isogloss

Question 32

Sayings that attempt to express a truth about life such as "the early bird gets the worm"

Answer 32

adage

Question 33

A common language used by people who do not share a native language

Answer 33

lingua franca

Question 34

Informal language

Answer 34

slang

Question 35

Two or more separate languages that mix and create a more formal structure and vocabulary so that they are no longer a pidgin language.

Answer 35

creole language

Question 36

A simplified mixture of two languages that has fewer grammar rules and a smaller vocabulary

Answer 36

pidgin language

Question 37

trade between Arab-speaking merchants and Banty-speaking residents resulted in the creation of this language

Answer 37

Swahili

Question 38

A language designated by law to be the language of the government

Answer 38

official language

Question 39

Countries made up largely of ethnically similar people

Answer 39

homogeneous

Question 40

Membership in a group of people who share characteristics such as ancestry, language, customs, history, and common experience

Answer 40

ethnicity

Question 41

peoples connection with a particular country

Answer 41

nationality

Question 42

the source or origin where a religion or ethnicity began

Answer 42

culture hearth

Question 43

an attempt to follow a literal interpretation of a religious faith

Answer 43

fundamentalism

Question 44

Countries whose governments are run by religious leaders

Answer 44

theocracies

Question 45

An Islamic religious law that governs not only religious rituals but also aspects of day-to-day life in Islam.

Answer 45

sharia

Question 46

The process of re-embracing the uniqueness of a place

Answer 46

neolocalism

Question 47

having one god

Answer 47

monotheistic

Question 48

A rigid class structure

Answer 48

caste system

Question 49

The idea that behaviors have consequences in the present life or in a future life

Answer 49

karma

Question 50

Belief traditions that emphasize strong ethnic characteristics among their followers

Answer 50

ethnic religion

Question 51

Actively seeks converts to its faith regardless of ethnic background

Answer 51

universal religion

Question 52

A religious journey that is taken by a person to a sacred place of his or her religion

Answer 52

pilgrimage

Question 53

A global migration of Hindus from India

Answer 53

Diaspora

Question 54

having many gods

Answer 54

polytheistic

Question 55

The belief that non-living objects have a spirit

Answer 55

animism

Question 56

The first group to establish cultural and religious customs in a space

Answer 56

charter group

Question 57

ethnic concentrations

Answer 57

ethnic island

Question 58

Ethnic groups that move in and out of the neighborhoods and create a new cultural imprint on the landscape.

Answer 58

sequent occupancy