Unit 1 - Thinking Geographically

Question 1

Considers the arrangement of the phenomena being Studied across the surface of the earth. Important considerations of this approach include location, distance, direction, orientation, pattern, and interconnection.

Answer 1

Spatial Approach

Question 2

The study of spatial characteristics of various elements of the physical environment.

Answer 2

Physical Geography

Question 3

The study of the spatial characteristics of humans and human activities.

Answer 3

Human Geography

Question 4

The precise spot where something is according to some system, typically found using longitude and latitude.

Answer 4

Absolute Location

Question 5

The distance north and south of the equator.

Answer 5

Latitude

Question 6

An imaginary line that circles the globe exactly halfway between the North and South Poles.

Answer 6

Equator

Question 7

The distance east or west of the prime meridian

Answer 7

Longitude

Question 8

An imaginary line that runs from pole to pole through Greenwich, England.

Answer 8

Prime Meridian

Question 9

Roughly follows the prime meridian but makes deviations to accommodate international boundaries.

Answer 9

International Date Line

Question 10

A description of where something is in relation to other things.

Answer 10

Relative Location

Question 11

How well two locations are tied together by roads or other links.

Answer 11

Connectivity

Question 12

How quickly and easily people in one location can interact with people in another location.

Answer 12

Accesibility

Question 13

Abandoned settelments of the western United States. Their good relative locations lost the advantages that they once had, however, their absolute locations remain the same.

Answer 13

Ghost Towns

Question 14

Refers to the specific human and physical characteristics of a location.

Answer 14

Place

Question 15

A group of places in the same area that share a characteristic.

Answer 15

Region

Question 16

Characteristics at the immidate location (soil type, climate, labor force, human structures, etc…)

Answer 16

Site

Question 17

The location of a place relative to its surroundings and other places.

Answer 17

Situation

Question 18

How humans percive an area based on their personal belifes and emotional connection.

Answer 18

Sense of Place

Question 19

Place names– provides insights into the physical geography, the history, or the culture of the location

Answer 19

Toponyms

Question 20

The measurement of how far or near things are to one another.

Answer 20

Distance

Question 21

The degree of nearness.

Answer 21

Proximity

Question 22

The contact, movement, and flow of things between locations. Connections may be physical (roads) or through information (radios and Internet).

Answer 22

Spatial Interaction

Question 23

When things are farther apart, they tend to be less well connected.

Answer 23

Friction of Distance

Question 24

The idea that when things are farther apart, they tend to be less well connected.

Answer 24

Friction of Distance

Question 25

The number of something in a specivically defined area (the number of people per square mile).

Answer 25

Density

Question 26

The way a phenomenon is spread out over an area.

Answer 26

Distribution

Question 27

Matching patterns of distribution that indicates two or more phenomena may be related, or associated with one another.

Answer 27

Spatial Association

Question 28

The connection and exchange between humans and the natural world.

Answer 28

Human-Environment Interaction

Question 29

How humans adapt to the environment.

Answer 29

Cultural Ecology

Question 30

The belief that landforms and the climate are the most powerful forces shaping human behavior.

Answer 30

Environmental Dererminism

Question 31

A view that acknowledges limits on the effects of the natural environment and focuses more in the role that human culture plays.

Answer 31

Possibilism

Question 32

The task of defining and describing landscapes.

Answer 32

Landscape Analysis

Question 33

The act of physically visiting a location, place, or reigeon and recording, firsthand, information there.

Answer 33

Field Observation

Question 34

All the information that can be tied to a specific location.

Answer 34

Spatial Data

Question 35

Professional images captured from planes within the atmosphere.

Answer 35

Aerial Photography

Question 36

The physical artifacts that humans have created and that form part of the landscape (buildings, roads, signs, fences, etc...).

Answer 36

Built Environment

Question 37

Anything built by humans.

Answer 37

Cultural Landscape

Question 38

The general arrangements of things being studied.

Answer 38

Patterns

Question 39

The repeted sequence of events that create patterns.

Answer 39

Processes

Question 40

The ratio is the between the size of things in the real world and the size of those same things on a map.

Answer 40

Scale

Question 41

The way a map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents.

Answer 41

Cartographic Scale

Question 42

Sometimes refered to as relative scale and refers to the amount of territory that the map represents.

Answer 42

Geographic Scale

Question 43

Sometimes refered to as geographical scale and refers to the amount of territory that the map represents.

Answer 43

Relative Scale

Question 44

Designed for people to refer to for general information about places.

Answer 44

Refrence Maps

Question 45

Show and label human-created boundaries and designations, such as counties, states, cities, and capitals.

Answer 45

Political Maps

Question 46

Show and label natural features such as mountains, rivers, and deserts.

Answer 46

Physical Map

Question 47

Show and label highways,streets, and alleys.

Answer 47

Road Map

Question 48

Show and label property lines and details of land ownership.

Answer 48

Plat Maps

Question 49

Illustrations used in books and advertisements to show specific locations mentioned in the text.

Answer 49

Locator Maps

Question 50

Show spatial aspects of information or of a phenomenon.

Answer 50

Thematic Map

Question 51

Uses various colors, shades of one color, or paterns to show the location and distribution of spatial data.

Answer 51

Choropleth Maps

Question 52

Used to show the specific location and distribution of something across the territory of a map. Each dot represents a specific quantity.

Answer 52

Dot Distribution Maps

Question 53

Uses symbols of different sizes to indicate different amounts of something. Larger sizes indicate a larger quantity while smaller sized indicate a smaler quality.

Answer 53

Graduated Symbol Maps

Question 54

Uses lines that connect points of equal value to depict variations in data across space

Answer 54

Isoline Maps

Question 55

A type of isoline map -- points of equal elevation are connected, creationg contours that depict surface features.

Answer 55

Topographic Maps

Question 56

The sizes of countries (or states, counties, or another areal unit) are shown according to some specific statistic.

Answer 56

Cartogram

Question 57

The process to showing a curved surface on a flat surcace.

Answer 57

Map Projection

Question 58

Representations of reality or theories

Answer 58

Geogaphic Models

Question 59

Projection of a map of the world on to a cylinder in such a way that all the parallels of latitude have the same length as the equator, used especially for marine charts and certain climatological maps.

Answer 59

Mercator Map Projection

Question 60

Map projection in which areas are shown in correct proportion at the expense of distorted shape, using a rectangular decimal grid to replace latitude and longitude. It was devised in 1973 to be a fairer representation of equatorial (i.e. mainly developing) countries, whose area is underrepresented by the usual projections such as Mercator's.

Answer 60

Peters Projection

Question 61

A0 map projection in which an area of the earth is projected onto a cone whose vertex is usually above one of the poles, then unrolled onto a flat surface.

Answer 61

Conic Projection

Question 62

The Robinson projection is a map projection of a world map which shows the entire world at once. It was specifically created in an attempt to find a good compromise to the problem of readily showing the whole globe as a flat image.

Answer 62

Robinson Projection

Question 63

United by physical, cultural, or economic traits.

Answer 63

Formal Regions/ Uniform Reigons/ Homogeneous Regions

Question 64

Organized around a focal point and are defined by an activity that occus across the reigon.

Answer 64

Functional Regions/ Nodal Regions

Question 65

The informal sense of place that people ascribe to them.

Answer 65

Perceptual Regions/ Vernacular Regions

Question 66

The maps that people create in their minds based on their own experiences and knowledge.

Answer 66

Mental Maps

Question 67

Regions divided into smaller areas.

Answer 67

Subregions

Question 68

Data that is observed and recorded on on location, and the act of collecting it.

Answer 68

Fieldwork

Question 69

Information that is measured and recorded using numbers.

Answer 69

Quantitative Data

Question 70

Information that is collected through interviews, documents, and visual observations.

Answer 70

Qualitative Data

Question 71

GIS

Answer 71

A geographic information system (GIS) is a system that creates, manages, analyzes, and maps all types of data. GIS connects data to a map, integrating location data (where things are) with all types of descriptive information (what things are like there). This provides a foundation for mapping and analysis that is used in science and almost every industry. GIS helps users understand patterns, relationships, and geographic context. The benefits include improved communication and efficiency as well as better management and decision making.

Question 72

GPS

Answer 72

Global Positioning Systems an accurate worldwide navigational and surveying facility based on the reception of signals from an array of orbiting satellites.