UNIT 3 - Chronic Renal Disesase Flashcards
a progressive, irreversible kidney disease. a client with this could be asymptomatic except during periods of stress (infection, surgery, and trauma). As kidney dysfunction progresses. manifestations become apparent.
chronic kidney disease
minimal kidney damage when GFR within expected range (greater than 90mL/min). The intervention for this stage is screening for risk factors such as HTN, poor DM control, congenital urinary abnormalities, family hx, exposure to nephrotoxic substances, etc.
stage 1
mild kidney damage with mildly decreased GFR (60 to 89 mL/min) reduced kidney function. and abnormal lab values and diagnostics. the intervention for this stage is risk reduction focus.
stage 2
moderate kidney damage with moderate decrease in GFR (30 to 59 mL/min). azotemia (nitrogenous waste) and fluid and electrolyte imbalance. The intervention for this stage is implement strategies to slow progression. Glycemic and BP control.
stage 3
severe kidney damage with severe decrease in GFR (15 to 29 mL/min). severe azotemia (elevated BUN level), and fluid-electrolyte imbalance. the intervention for this stage is to RRT idcussion and education and to manage the complications.
stage 4
severe renal failure
kidney failure and end-stage kidney disease with little to no glomuerular filtration (less than 15 mL/min). The interventions for this stage is RRT (renal replacement therapy), renal transplant and dialysis.
stage 5
end stage renal failure
how do you find the MAP?
2 DBP + SBP divided by 3 (mean should be above 65)
what does xerstomia mean?
dry mouth
what kind of diet does one need to follow with CKD and AKI?
low potassium low phosphorus low sodium low protein no diary (high in protein) no beans except green beans
the kidney does well with high biologic value foods. what are some examples of that particular food?
chicken, fish, eggs, steak
protein intake depends on the stage of kidney disease. when is it recommended to decrease and when is it recommnded to increase ?
stage 1 -4 protein needs to be decreased.
stage 5 and up protein needs to be increased.
what are some food that are high in potassium?
avocado banana potatoes spinach beans (except green beans) citrus juices fish
the more grain or whole grain the bread has the _____ the phosphorus content.
higher
there is no ______ treatment that exists for AKI, the goal of care is to prevent futher injury and facilitate recovery.
curative
____ - _____ kidney disease exists when 90% of the functioning nephrons are destroyed and are no longer able to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid base homeostasis. GFR < 15.
end-stage
