Unit 3 bio Flashcards
The hindbrain
coordinate breathing and heart rate, regulate sleep and arousal levels, coordinate fine motor skills, and communicate this information to the cortex,The reticular formation,Cerebellum,Medulla,The pons
The forebrain
higher-level functions, such as perceiving, feeling, and thinking, thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system (including the hippocampus and amygdala), and basal ganglia
The endocrine system
regulates thoughts, emotions, and behaviors through the release of hormones. Slow chemical release into the bloodstream
The pituitary gland
orchestrates the functioning of the endocrine system by releasing hormones that direct the functions of other glands. It releases the growth hormone and oxytocin
acetylcholine (ACh
voluntary motor control. Muscle action, alzheimer patients have a lack of it
Dopamine
is a neurotransmitter that regulates motor behavior, motivation, pleasure, and emotional arousal, cause schizophrenia
Glutamate
excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, involved in memory but too much causes seizures and migrains.
GABA
primary inhibitory neurotransmitter
norepinephrine
vigilance or heightened awareness of dangers in the environment. Flight or fight excitatory neurotransmitter
Serotonin
regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, and aggressive behavior.
Endorphins
pain pathways and emotion centers of the brain. Endo morphine pain relief
The hypothalamus
located below the thalamus (hypo- is Greek for “under”), regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behaviour. It rules over the pituitary gland
The hippocampus
A structure critical for creating new memories and integrating them into a network of knowledge so that they can be stored indefinitely in other parts of the cerebral cortex.
Amygdala
A part of the limbic system, located at the tip of each horn of the hippocampus, that plays a central role in many emotional processes, particularly the formation of emotional memories.
The occipital lobe
contains the visual cortex
