Unit 3 AoS 2 - Equilibrium and Electrolysis

Question 1

What is the collision theory?

Answer 1

That the reactants must collide for a reaction to occur through sufficient kinetic energy to form and break bonds

Question 2

What are the requirments of a collision?

Answer 2

Must have proper orientation and have enough energy to reach activation energy.

Question 3

How does concentration change rate of reaction?

Answer 3

With more reactants there is a higher chance of successful collisions

Question 4

How does surface area change rate of reaction?

Answer 4

More surface area means more reactants exposed to react

Question 5

How does temperature change rate of reaction?

Answer 5

Increases amount of kinetic energy present in particles, making them collide harder and faster

Question 6

How does a catalyst change rate of reaction?

Answer 6

Offers an alternate reaction pathway with lower activation energy.

Question 7

What is Maxwell-Boltzmann’s distribution curve?

Answer 7

That many particles have a particular amount of energy

Question 8

What is an equilibrium system?

Answer 8

A reaction that is reversible

Question 9

What is equilibrium?

Answer 9

When the concentration of reactants and products stops changing, remain constant

Question 10

What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?

Answer 10

When a system in chemical equilibrium is disturbed by a change in the environment, the system shifts in equilibrium composition in a way that tends to coutneract the change of the variable

Question 11

What is the equilibrium constant expression?

Answer 11

Equation to find what concentration is required for a solution to attain equilibrium.
(molarity of products)/(molarity of reactants)
*coefficients become powers

Question 12

What does a large K power mean?

Answer 12

More products than reactants, hence the products were favoured

Question 13

What occurs in an electrolytic cell?

Answer 13

Electrons are provided to cause a non-spontaneous REDOX reaction

Question 14

How do electrolytic cells differ from galvanic cells?

Answer 14

They need electricity to force the reaction, the polarities of the electrodes are reversed, and it takes place in one solution and cell.

Question 15

How do you use the electrochemical series to determine electrolytic cells?

Answer 15

Smae method as galvancic cells, except the ‘C’ methods it drawn from the bottom to the top instead.

Question 16

What is Faraday’s first law and equation?

Answer 16

The amount of any substance deposited, evolved, or dissolved at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electrical charge passed through.
Q(electrical charge in coloumbs) = i(Current in Amps) x T(time in seconds)

Question 17

What is Faraday’s constant?

Answer 17

There is 96500 columbs / mole of electrons

Question 18

What is Faraday’s second law?

Answer 18

In order to produce one mole of a substance by electrolysis, whole numbers of moles of electrons must be consumed according to relevant half equation
n(electrons) = Q(charge in coloumbs) / F(Faraday’s cosntant)

Question 19

What are rechargable batteries?

Answer 19

A secondary cell that can release energy as well as gain

Question 20

What occurs during the discharge of rechargable batteries?

Answer 20

They act as galvanic cells, producing electrical energy using spontaneous REDOX chemical reactions

Question 21

What occurs during the recharge of rechargable batteries?

Answer 21

They act as electrolytic cells, converting electrical energy into chemical energy as electricity is forced through to reverse the reaction

Question 22

How can temperature affect the battery life of a secondary cell?

Answer 22

They are designed to operate in a specific temperature, if outside this, the electrochemical and physical components break down

Question 23

How can component arrangement affect the battery life of a secondary cell?

Answer 23

Causes different problem within batteries, and damaged components also cause issues.