Unit 3 Flashcards
What is a cell? List the four principal parts of the cell
The basic living structural and functional unit of all organisms, cell membrane cytosol organelles nucleus
What is selective permeability? How does it help the cell maintain homeostasis?
Meditates entrance and exit of material into and out of cell. That allows the cell to bring in nutrients and chemicals it needs while removing waste products from its internal environment
If red blood cells are surrounded by a hypertonic solution, how will water move in relation to the cells and why
The water will move out of the red blood cells and into the fluid causing the cells to shrink. There is a greater concentration of water within the blood cells than the surrounding fluid
The two major portions of the cell each surrounded by a membrane are the…
Nucleus and cytosol
The organelles are located in the
Cytosol
True or false
An inact cell membrane is essential to the life of the cell
True
True or false
The cell membrane is composed of phospholipids and proteins
True
True or false
The cell membrane does not participate in chemical reactions
False
True or false
The cell membrane is selectively permeable
True
The lipid that lends some rigidity to the cell membrane is
Phospholipid
Deceive the overall structure of the cell membrane, how is this structure related to function?
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer which contains many globular proteins which act as gates or channels. The protein carriers regulate the diffusion of all the other substances
The compound responsible for the special functions of the cell membrane is
Proteins
The … directs the overall activities of the cell
Nucleus
The organelle that functions as a communication and transportation system for the cytoplasm is the
Endoplasmic reticulum
The chemical activity in the endoplasmic reticulum results in
Synthesis of proteins
Which of the following statement about ribosomes is false
The secretion of ribosomes is utilized only within the cell
The mitochondria are also called … of cells
Powerhouse
The enzymes of the lysosome function to
Digest bacteria, food and damaged cell parts
Peroxisomes are found most commonly in the cells of the…
Liver, kidneys
What is true about centrosome
It is located near the nucleus
The centrioles of the centrosome function in reproduction of the cell
The centrosome is concerned with the distribution of genetic material
Mobile, hairlike projections that extend outward from the surface of the cell are called…
Cilia, flagella
Thin threadlike structures found within the cytoplasm forming the cytoskeleton of the cell called…
Microtubles, microfilaments
The genetic material in the nucleoplasm of the nucleus is
Chromosomes
List substances that enter and exit the cell through the cell membrane
Oxygen
Carbon oioxide
The process that allows the movement of gases and ions from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration until equilibrium has been achieved is
Diffusion
He process by which substances are moved through the cell membrane by a carrier molecule is
Facilitated diffusion
The process by which water moves across a semi permeable membrane from areas higher concentration is called
Osmosis
A hypertonic solution is one that
Contains a greater concentration of solute than the cell
The process that uses energy to move molecules or ions across a concentration graidient from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration is called
Active transport
A process that allows cells to take in molecules of solids by surrounding them to create a vesicles is called
Phogocytosis
The process that ensure duplication of dna molecules during cell reproduction is
Mitosis
The process used in the formation of the gametes that divides the chromosome number in half is known as
Meiosis
List four important functions of the plasma membrane
Size of molecules
Solubility in lipids
Charge on ions
Presence of carrier molecules
