Unit 3

Question 1

What is a cell? List the four principal parts of the cell

Answer 1

The basic living structural and functional unit of all organisms, cell membrane cytosol organelles nucleus

Question 2

What is selective permeability? How does it help the cell maintain homeostasis?

Answer 2

Meditates entrance and exit of material into and out of cell. That allows the cell to bring in nutrients and chemicals it needs while removing waste products from its internal environment

Question 3

If red blood cells are surrounded by a hypertonic solution, how will water move in relation to the cells and why

Answer 3

The water will move out of the red blood cells and into the fluid causing the cells to shrink. There is a greater concentration of water within the blood cells than the surrounding fluid

Question 4

The two major portions of the cell each surrounded by a membrane are the…

Answer 4

Nucleus and cytosol

Question 5

The organelles are located in the

Answer 5

Cytosol

Question 6

True or false

An inact cell membrane is essential to the life of the cell

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or false

The cell membrane is composed of phospholipids and proteins

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or false

The cell membrane does not participate in chemical reactions

Answer 8

False

Question 9

True or false

The cell membrane is selectively permeable

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The lipid that lends some rigidity to the cell membrane is

Answer 10

Phospholipid

Question 11

Deceive the overall structure of the cell membrane, how is this structure related to function?

Answer 11

Composed of a phospholipid bilayer which contains many globular proteins which act as gates or channels. The protein carriers regulate the diffusion of all the other substances

Question 12

The compound responsible for the special functions of the cell membrane is

Answer 12

Proteins

Question 13

The … directs the overall activities of the cell

Answer 13

Nucleus

Question 14

The organelle that functions as a communication and transportation system for the cytoplasm is the

Answer 14

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 15

The chemical activity in the endoplasmic reticulum results in

Answer 15

Synthesis of proteins

Question 16

Which of the following statement about ribosomes is false

Answer 16

The secretion of ribosomes is utilized only within the cell

Question 17

The mitochondria are also called … of cells

Answer 17

Powerhouse

Question 18

The enzymes of the lysosome function to

Answer 18

Digest bacteria, food and damaged cell parts

Question 19

Peroxisomes are found most commonly in the cells of the…

Answer 19

Liver, kidneys

Question 20

What is true about centrosome

Answer 20

It is located near the nucleus
The centrioles of the centrosome function in reproduction of the cell
The centrosome is concerned with the distribution of genetic material

Question 21

Mobile, hairlike projections that extend outward from the surface of the cell are called…

Answer 21

Cilia, flagella

Question 22

Thin threadlike structures found within the cytoplasm forming the cytoskeleton of the cell called…

Answer 22

Microtubles, microfilaments

Question 23

The genetic material in the nucleoplasm of the nucleus is

Answer 23

Chromosomes

Question 24

List substances that enter and exit the cell through the cell membrane

Answer 24

Oxygen

Carbon oioxide

Question 25

The process that allows the movement of gases and ions from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration until equilibrium has been achieved is

Answer 25

Diffusion

Question 26

He process by which substances are moved through the cell membrane by a carrier molecule is

Answer 26

Facilitated diffusion

Question 27

The process by which water moves across a semi permeable membrane from areas higher concentration is called

Answer 27

Osmosis

Question 28

A hypertonic solution is one that

Answer 28

Contains a greater concentration of solute than the cell

Question 29

The process that uses energy to move molecules or ions across a concentration graidient from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration is called

Answer 29

Active transport

Question 30

A process that allows cells to take in molecules of solids by surrounding them to create a vesicles is called

Answer 30

Phogocytosis

Question 31

The process that ensure duplication of dna molecules during cell reproduction is

Answer 31

Mitosis

Question 32

The process used in the formation of the gametes that divides the chromosome number in half is known as

Answer 32

Meiosis

Question 33

List four important functions of the plasma membrane

Answer 33

Size of molecules Solubility in lipids Charge on ions Presence of carrier molecules