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A&P > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal
A
L

A

Releases eyebrows

Above eye

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2
Q

Occipital
A
L

A

Tenses and retracts scalp

Back of head

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3
Q

Orbicularis oris
A
L

A

Compresses, purses lips
Kissing

Around lips

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4
Q

Zygomaticus major
A
L

A

Retracts (pulls back) and elevates corners of mouth (smiling)

Below cheek

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5
Q

Levator labii superioris
A
L

A

Elevates upper lip

Between cheek and nose

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6
Q

Depressor labii inferioris
A
L

A

Depresses lower lip

Chin

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7
Q

Buccinator
A
L

A

Compresses cheeks (whistling/blowing and sucking)

Outside of lip corners

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8
Q

Mentalis
A
L

A

Elevates and protrudes lower lip (pouting)

Between lips and chin

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9
Q

Platysma
A
L

A

Tenses skin of neck and depresses mandible

Below chin on mandible

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10
Q

Risorius

A

A

Draws corner of mouth to the side (laterally)

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11
Q

Orbicularis oculi
A
L

A

Closes the eye

Around eye

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12
Q

Corrugator supercilii

A

A

Pulls skin, wrinkles brow (frowning)

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13
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris

A

A

Elevates upper eyelid, opens eye

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14
Q

Superior rectus

A

A

Moves eyeball superiorly and medially

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15
Q

Inferior rectus

A

A

Moves eyeball inferiorly and medially

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16
Q

Lateral rectus

A

A

Moves eyeball laterally

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17
Q

Medial rectus

A

A

Moves eyeball medially

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18
Q

Superior oblique

A

A

Moves eyeball inferiorly and laterally

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19
Q

Inferior oblique

A

A

Moves eyeball superiorly and laterally

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20
Q 
Masseter 
O
I
A
L
A

O. Maxilla and zygomatic arch
I. Angle and ramus of mandible
A. Elevates mandible and retracts mandible (closing mouth)
L. Up and down cheek

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21
Q 
Temporalis
O
I
A
L
A

O. Temporal and frontal bones
I. Coronoid process and ramus of mandible
A. Elevates and retracts mandible
L. Temple

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22
Q

Medial pterygoid

A

A

Elevates and protects and moves mandible from side to side

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23
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A

A

Protracted mandible, depresses mandible and moves it side to side

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24
Q

Genioglossus
O
I
A

A

O. Mandible
I. Under surface of tongue
A. Depresses tongue and thrusts it anteriorly (protraction)

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25
Q

Styloglossus

A

A

Elevates tongue and retracts it

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26
Q

Stylohyoid
O
I
A

A

O. Styloid process on temporal bone
I. Body of hyoid
A. Elevates the hyoid bone and draws it posteriorly

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27
Q

Hypoglossus

A

A

Depresses and retracts tongue

28
Q 
Digastric 
Anterior and posterior
O
I
A
A

O. Anterior belly from inner side of inferior border of mandible
Posterior belly from mastoid process of temporal bone
I. Body of hyoid bone via an intermediate tendon
A. Elevates hyoid bone and depresses mandible, as in opening mouth

29
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
O
I
A

A

O. Sternum and clavicle
I. Mastoid process of temporal bone
A. Acting together bilaterally, flex neck
Acting unilaterally, flex and rotate head to side opposite contracting muscle

30
Q

Splendid capitis

A

A

A. Acting together, extend neck

Acting alone, laterally flex and rotate neck to same side as contracting muscle

31
Q

Diaphragm
O
I
A

A

O. Xiphoid process of the sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 4-10 and lumbar vertebrae
I. Central tendon
A. Forms floor of thoracic cavity
Pulls central tendon inferiorly during inspiration which expands thoracic cavity

32
Q

External intercostals
O
I
A

A

O. Inferior border of rib above
I. Superior border of rib below
A. Elevates ribs during inspiration

33
Q

Internal intercostals
O
I
A

A

O. Superior border of rib below
I. Inferior border of rib above
A. Depresses ribs during forced expiration

34
Q

Rectus abdominis
O
I
A

A

O. Public crest and pubic symphysis
I. Cartilage of fifth to seventh ribs and xiphoid process
A. Flexes trunk, compresses abdomen during defecation, urination, forced expiration and child birth

35
Q

External oblique
O
I
A

A

O. Inferior 8 ribs
I. Iliac crest and linea alba
A. Compresses abdomen, flexion and lateral flexion of trunk

36
Q

Internal oblique
O
I
A

A

O. Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and thoracolumbar fascia
I. Cartilage of the last three or four ribs and linea alba
A. Compresses abdomen, flexion and lateral flexion of truck

37
Q

Transverse abdominis
O
I
A

A

O. Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia and cartilages of inferior six ribs
I. Xiphoid process, linea alba and pubis
A. Compresses abdomen

38
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A

A

Laterally flex or trunk

Raise hip

39
Q

Spine

A

Vertebrae

40
Q

Spinalis

A

Between spine and longissimus

41
Q

Longissimus

A

Between spinalis and iliocostalis

42
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Next to longissimus

43
Q

Capitis

A

To cranium

44
Q

Cervicis

A

To cervical ribs

45
Q

Thoracis

A

To thoracic ribs

46
Q

Lumborum

A

To lumbar ribs

47
Q 
Erector Spinae (sacrospinalis) muscles 
(3)
A

Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

48
Q

Spinalis group
L
A
Other

A

Medial

A. Bilaterally: extension of spine Unilaterally: lateral flexion of spine
O. Spinalis capitis
Spinalis cervicis
Spinalis thoracis

49
Q

Longissimus group
L
A
Other

A

Intermediate

A. Bilaterally: extension of spine. Unilaterally: lateral flexion of spine
O. Longissimus capitis
Longissimus cervicis
Longissimus thoracis

50
Q

Iliocostalis group
L
A
Other

A

Lateral

A. Bilaterally: extension of spine. Unilaterally: laterally flexion of spine
O. iliocostalis cervicis
Iliocostalis thoracis
Iliocostalis lumborum

51
Q

Levator ani

A

A

Works with the anus

A. Tenses and supports pelvic floor. Resists infra-abdominal pressure during forced expiration, coughing, vomiting, urination and defecation

52
Q

Coccygeus

A

A

Right off tail bone

A. Tenses and supports pelvic floor. Resists intros-abdominal pressure during forced expiration, coughing, vomiting, urination and defecation

53
Q

Bulbodpongiosus

A

A

A. Helps expel urine
propels semen
assists erection of penis
Constricts vaginal orifice and assists in erection of clitoris

54
Q

Ishiocavernosus

A

A

A. Maintains erection of penis and clitoris

55
Q

External anal sphincter

A

A

A. Closes anal opening

56
Q

Pectoralis major
O
I
A

A

O. Clavicle, sternum and costal cartilages of second to sixth ribs
I. Greater tubercle and intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A. Ad ducts and medially rotates arm at shoulder joint. Clavicular head flexs arm. Sternocostal head extends arm

57
Q

Pectoralis minor
O
I
A

A

O. Anterior superior surface of ribs 3-5
I. Coraclid process of scapula
A. Depresses and abducts scapula and rotates it downward. Elevates third through fifth ribs during forced inspiration.

58
Q

Serrated anterior
O
I
A

A

O. Superior eight or nine ribs
I. Vertebral border and inferior angle of scapula
A. Abucts scapula and rotates it upward. Elevates ribs.

59
Q

Trapezius
O
I
A

A

Big muscle in back
O. Superior nuchal line of occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae and spines of seventh cervix and all thoracic vertebrae
I. Clavicle and a domino and spine of scapula.
A. Elevates, depresses and adducts scapula; stabilizes and rotates it upwards. Extend head.

60
Q

Levator scapulae
O
I
A

A

O. Superior four or five cervical vertebrae
I. Superior vertebral border of scapula
A. Elevates scapula

61
Q

Rhomboideus major
O
I
A

A

O. Spines of 2nd to 5th thoracic vertebrae
I. Vertebral border of scapula
A. Elevates and adducts scapula
Stabilizes scapula and rotates it downward

62
Q

Rhomboideus minor
O
I
A

A

O. Spines of 7th cervical and first thoracic vertebrae
I. Vertebral border of scapula superior to spine
A. Elevates and adducts scapula
Stabilizes scapula and rotates it downward

63
Q

Larissimus Doris
O
I
A

A

O. Spines of six thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, crests of sacrum and ilium inferior four ribs
I. Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
A. Extends adducts and medially rotates humerus
Draws arm inferiorly and posteriorly

64
Q

Deltoid
O
I
A

A

O. Acromial extremity if clavicle (anterior fibers) acromial of scapula (lateral fibers) and spine of scapula (posterior fibers)
I. Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A. Abduct the arm.
Flex and extend arm
Also does medial and lateral rotation of arm

65
Q

Teres major
O
I
A

A

O. Inferior angle of scapula
I. Intertubercular groove of humerus
A. Extends arm and assists adduction and medial rotation of arm

A&P (5 decks)

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