Medical Terminology

Question 1

Anaplasia

Answer 1

The loss of tissue differentiation and function that is characteristic of most malignancies

Question 2

Atrophy

Answer 2

A decrease in size of cells

Wasting away

Question 3

Dysplasia

Answer 3

Alteration in size, shape and organizations of cells due to chronic irritation and inflammation

May progress to tumor formation

Question 4

Hyperplasia

Answer 4

Increase in number of cells of a tissue due to an increase in the frequency of cell division

Question 5

Hypertrophy

Answer 5

Increase in the size of cells without cell division

Question 6

Metaplasia

Answer 6

Transformation of one type of cell into another

Question 7

Xenotransplantation

Answer 7

The replacement of a diseased or injured tissue or organ with cells or tissues from an animal.

Question 8

Abrasion

Answer 8

An area where skin has been scraped away

Question 9

Callus

Answer 9

An area hardened and thickening skin that is usually seen in palms and soles and is due to persistent pressure and friction

Question 10

Comedo

Answer 10

A collection of sebaceous material and dead cells in the hair follicle and excretory duct of the sebaceous gland

Blackhead

Question 11

Corn

Answer 11

A painful conical thickening of the stratum cornermen of the epidermis found principally over toe joints and between the toes, often caused by friction or pressure

Question 12

Cyst

Answer 12

A sac with a distinct connective tissue wall, containing a fluid or other material

Question 13

Eczema

Answer 13

An inflammation of the skin characterized by patches of red, blistering, dry and itchy skin

Question 14

Hemangioma

Answer 14

Localized benign tumor of the skin and subcutaneous layer that results from an abnormal increase in the number of blood vessels

Question 15

Keratosis

Answer 15

Formation of a hardened growth of epidermal tissue.

Question 16

Laceration

Answer 16

An irregular tear of the skin

Question 17

Papule

Answer 17

A small, round skin elevation less that 1 cm in diameter.

Pimple

Question 18

Pruritus

Answer 18

Itching, one of the most common dermatological disorders

Caused by skin disorders, systematic disorders, psychogenic factors or allergic reactions.

Question 19

Cancer

Answer 19

A group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled or abnormal cell division

Question 20

Neoplasm

Answer 20

Tumor

Question 21

Malignant tumor

Answer 21

Cancerous neoplasm

Question 22

Benign tumor

Answer 22

Neoplasm that has not metastasized

Question 23

Carcinoma

Answer 23

Malignant tumor that arise from epithelial cells

Question 24

Metastasis

Answer 24

The spread of cancerous cells to other parts of the body

Question 25

Angiogenesis

Answer 25

The growth of new networks of blood vessels

Question 26

Carcinogen

Answer 26

Chemical agent or radiation that produces cancer

Question 27

Basal cell carcinomas

Answer 27

78% of all skin cancer

Tumors arise from cells in the stratum baseless of the epidermis and rarely metastasize

Question 28

Squamous cell carcinomas

Answer 28

20% of all skin cancers

Arise from stratum spinosum of epi

Tendency to metabolize

Question 29

Malignant melanoma

Answer 29

2% of all skins cancers

Arise from melanocytes

Question 30

Decubitus ulcers

Answer 30

Bedsores

Question 31

Apoptosis

Answer 31

Cell death in which a programmed sequence of events leads to the elimination of cells

Question 32

Cyanosis

Answer 32

Blueness from deficiency of oxygen in the circulating blood

Question 33

Erythema

Answer 33

Redness due to dilated cutaneous vessels

Anger, sunburn, embarrassment

Question 34

Jaundice

Answer 34

Yellowish of skin and sclerosis due to excess of bilirubin in blood

Liver disease

Question 35

Bronzing

Answer 35

Golden-brown color of Addison disease

Deficiency of glucocorticoid hormone

Question 36

Pallor

Answer 36

Pale color from lack of blood flow

Question 37

Albinism

Answer 37

A genetic lack of melanin

Question 38

Hematoma

Answer 38

A bruise

Visible clotted blood