Unit 3 Flashcards
What are the interaction of heredity and environment
is called the Multifactor transmissions determines the characteristics of both genetics and environments factors in which a genotype (an invisible characteristic between both parents)provides a range within which a phenotype (visible an personality traits that can be noticed) can be expressed.
What are the interaction of heredity and environment during the prenatal period of environment
Psychological environment such as stress, depression, and poverty. Parents health such as German measles (rubella) that can harm the fetus, Next, STD’s which can be passed on. In addition, Drug use which can cause developmental disabilities such as FASD.
What are the interaction of heredity and environment during birth, and newborn behaviour
Poor life styles can contribute to premature infants, low birth rates, high risk illness, and death; Furthermore, can impede normative cognitive behaviour.
Aboriginal approaches to the first part of the four stages of the life cycle; conception and family planning
fertility was usually kept in families or passed on through ceremonies; furthermore, some communities both husband and wife were required to drink the medicine in order to increase fertility. as well as drink medicated teas as form contraception, along with abstinence.
Aboriginal approaches to the first part of the four stages of the life cycle; prenatal care and birth
Parental care was a serious task, with practices and protocols that were common to Aboriginals. This applied to what she are or drank, as well as to what she saw, heard, of experienced in any way. Many of the pregnancy protocols had to do with protecting and enhancing the emotional, spiritual, mental, and physical health of the child; furthermore, pregnant women were encouraged to be active and wake-up early in preparation for the work ahead. There were strict protocols around hunting or handling animals that had been hunted. When a woman got pregnant they also considered the man to be pregnant too. Men were taught to make sacrifices to help take care of the baby.
In the event of a birth, midwives or female relatives came to assist the mother with the delivery. The mid wife would move in with the expectant mother and gives some training on how the baby’s is born and what to expect. By being close Mid wives were able to help with parental and postnatal care, as well as infant care. Immediate and extended family members along with Elders did all the work and tasks, so the mother could recover from her postpartum period (six to eight weeks).
Aboriginal approaches to the first part of the four stages of the life cycle; infancy to toddlerhood
First, the treatment of the umbilical cord of an infant was vital in terms of protecting and ensuring they had long, healthy, and productive lives and the placenta was respectfully disposed of. However, the umbilical cord was handle in a variety of ceremonial protocols for different genders and Nations. This tradition made a connection between their lifelong journey and their community and their land. Next, the Naming of a baby was considered vital to ensuring him or her a life time of health, wellness, success, and longevity.
Caring for toddlerhood, once they had been welcomed and named by their communities, infants settled into a life that was characterized by careful attention to their needs. First, care for their spiritual awareness and the life forces that surrounded them. The walking out ceremony teaching children as soon as possible the importance of community responsibility. The care the toddler receives from the community meant to ensure that the toddler learned to trust and depend on the world they had entered.
What are normative child development in this stage of life from a biological perspective, as well as a critical awareness from a social work perspective of the challenges to biological definitions of “normal”.
According to Brazelton, Neonatal Behaviour Assessment Scale (NBAS), “normal” assess or determine an infants’ Neurological and behavioural responses to their environment. My counterpoint to NBAS in social work the biological norms conform to the ethnic diversity
Describe prenatal development from a biological perspective, including the interaction of genetics and the environment on conception, pregnancy, and birth.
Newborn Medical Screening: just after birth are typically tested for a variety of diseases and genetic conditions. The ongoing discovery of pain-reducing drugs is one of the greatest advances of modern medicine, but the use of medication during childbirth has both benefits and pitfalls. Newborns, whose mothers have been anesthetized are less physiologically responsive and their new bourns show poorer motor control during the first days after birth, and are more emotional and have difficulty breastfeeding. Unfortunately, modern medicines that mothers use for pain may have a minimal effect–but have a magnified effect on the fetus. In addition, the definition of “normal childbirth.” in a, Post-delivery, hospital stay a generation or two ago involved a five-day stay in hospital. Today, the average stay is two days. The usual process now is to see a physician in two days or have a home visits by public health nurses.
Describe some of the controversies surrounding prenatal testing for abnormalities, including ethical questions relating to genetic counselling
The problem surrounding prenatal testing is the risk of having more than three ultrasounds of the fetal is a reason for concern according to Health Canada, but despite these advisories, vanity ultrasounds have become increasingly available in most major cities across Canada. In addition, screening for future problems in genetic testing raise difficult and ethical questions: for example, if a person finds out that they are carrying the flawed gene and will therefore get the disease, or die from it, will experience remorse, depression, and mat never recover on an emotionally. These are the ethical issues that can affect a fetus or themselves. The ethical and legal issues, such as, rights of the mother, the father, the surrogate mother, and ultimately the baby are in conflict. Even more troubling are concerns raised by sex selection techniques, which are largely illegal in Canada.
Evaluate the impact of environment on prenatal and maternal health
The factors that are contributed to poverty on mother’s could be diet which is very important to fetal development another factor could be the mothers health and access to healthcare; for instance, German measles which can cause all sorts of physical and mental disabilities. In addition, there are a host of other illnesses that can affect the fetus depending on when they were contracted. There are many reasons why would new mother would not have family support; could possibly be abuse, loss of contact by being in foster care, past behaviours, etc. A Father can greatly impact the mother and the fetus. such as a problem with drug or alcohol abuse which is so coercive to any family and hopefully will seek treatment; Unfortunately, many home become toxic with mental and physical abuse which causes everyone emotional stress and physical damage that is irreconcilable, and everyone loses. As a result, the social worker can establish a trusting and helping relationship that can provide knowledge that will empower the mother to be a better care giver and get resources for this family’s well-being such as better access to healthcare and other supports, if needed.
Describe the capabilities of newborns in a variety of areas, including physical, sensory, and social competence
Without proper nutrition, infants cannot reach their physical potential, and they might suffer cognitive and social consequences
Develop a critical awareness of the cultural dimensions of Aboriginal and Western biological approaches to conception, pregnancy, and infancy
Historically, Aboriginal fertility was usually kept in families or passed on through ceremonies; furthermore, some communities both husband and wife were required to drink the medicine in order to increase fertility. as well as drink medicated teas as form contraception, along with abstinence. Ultimately, the health of the baby was connected to the health of the community, and babies also brought communities together through the care that was required and the joy and hope that they represented. Versus, western approaches an overwhelming proportion of woman chose to have an obstetrician at a hospital to assist in the birth, but a small percentage of woman chose a midwife if there is no foreseeable problems by their personal physician. Conception and Abortion, conception other than sexual intercourse can be in the form of a donor egg, which is called in another way is the use of a surrogate in vitro fertilization and finally, artificial insemination these methods will increase the chances of having a baby. From birth, girls and boys are treated differently, fathers tend to interact more with their sons that daughters and vice versa with their mothers, which comprises a single family dynamic.
