Unit 3 Flashcards
System
a collection of the matter that undergoes chemical/physical change
Surroundings
Everything outside the system
Universe
System + surroundings
Open system
Mass and energy can flow freely in and out (eg open beaker)
Closed system
Mass cannot leave/enter, energy can (i.e. closed bottle)
Isolated system
Mass and energy cannot flow (eg vacuum chamber)
state function
any measurement of a given system (usually start and end)
State functions for gas (4)
temperature (T), pressure (P), volume (V), number of moles (n)
E/U state function
internal energy
H state function
enthalpy
S state function
entropy
G state function
free energy
Volume unit
Liters
Pressure + units
number of times gas molecules hit a surface (atm, Pascal)
Temperature
kinetic energy of matter
Liquids and solids held together by
intermolecular forces
A system in equilibrium has constant ____
temperature
T and Ke relation
directly proportional
equation of kinetic energy in relation to mass and volme
Ek=mv^2
Kinetic energy in rlation to temp
Ke = 1/2kT
relation betweeen temp and velocity
proportional
relation between mass and speed
inverse
Diffusion rate
the rate gases move due to collisions
Diffusion/effusion rate relation w temp and size
size - inverse
temp - proportional
Rate of diffusion/effusion formula
sqrt of mass (inverse square)
