Unit 3

Question 1

What is ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 1

Inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae (a form of rheumatoid arthritis).

Question 2

What is arthroscopy?

Answer 2

Visual examination of the internal structure of the joint.

Question 3

What is chondroma?

Answer 3

Slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells.

Question 4

What is chondromalacia?

Answer 4

Abnormal softening of cartilage.

Question 5

What is osteochondroma?

Answer 5

Benign bony projection covered with cartilage.

Question 6

What is costochondritis?

Answer 6

Inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum.

Question 7

What is craniostenosis?

Answer 7

Malformation of the skull due to premature closure of the cranial sutures.

Question 8

What is arthrodesis?

Answer 8

Surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint.

Question 9

What is kyphosis?

Answer 9

Abnormal increase in outward curvature of the thoracic spine.

Question 10

What is lordosis?

Answer 10

Abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine.

Question 11

What is arthrolysis?

Answer 11

Surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint.

Question 12

What is myeloma?

Answer 12

Cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in red bone marrow.

Question 13

What is osteomyelitis?

Answer 13

Inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone.

Question 14

What is osteitis?

Answer 14

Inflammation of a bone.

Question 15

What is osteomalacia?

Answer 15

Abnormal softening of bones.

Question 16

What is osteoclasis?

Answer 16

Surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity.

Question 17

What is osteopenia?

Answer 17

Thinner than average bone density.

Question 18

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 18

Loss of bone density and increased bone porosity.

Question 19

What is periostitis?

Answer 19

Inflammation of the periosteum.

Question 20

What is scoliosis?

Answer 20

Abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine.

Question 21

What is spondylolisthesis?

Answer 21

Forward slipping movement of a lower lumbar vertebrae or sacrum.

Question 22

What is spondylosis?

Answer 22

Degenerative disorder that can cause loss of normal spinal structure and function.

Question 23

What is synovectomy?

Answer 23

Surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint.

Question 24

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 24

Large circular cavity in each side of pelvis (hip joint).

Question 25

What is the manubrium?

Answer 25

Bony structure that forms middle portion of sternum.

Question 26

What does allogenic mean?

Answer 26

Originating within another.

Question 27

What does autologous mean?

Answer 27

Originating within an individual.

Question 28

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 28

Bone is splintered or crushed.

Question 29

What is a compression fracture?

Answer 29

Caused when bone is compressed on itself.

Question 30

What is crepitation?

Answer 30

Grating sound when ends of broken bone move together.

Question 31

What is dual x-ray absorptiometry?

Answer 31

Low-exposure radiographic measurement of spine & hips to measure bone density.

Question 32

What is fibrous dysplasia?

Answer 32

Bone disorder of unknown cause (destroys bone structure & replaces with scar-like tissue).

Question 33

What is hallux valgus?

Answer 33

Abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe.

Question 34

What is hemarthrosis?

Answer 34

Blood within a joint.

Question 35

What does hemopoietic mean?

Answer 35

Pertaining to the formation of blood.

Question 36

What is internal fixation?

Answer 36

A fracture treatment using plates or pins to hold broken pieces in place.

Question 37

What is juvenile rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 37

Autoimmune disorder in children causing stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, fatigue.

Question 38

What is laminectomy?

Answer 38

Surgical removal of a lamina (posterior portion of a vertebra).

Question 39

What is lumbago?

Answer 39

Pain of the lumbar region of the spine (low back pain).

Question 40

What is malleolus?

Answer 40

Rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula at either side of the ankle joint.

Question 41

What are metacarpals?

Answer 41

Five bones that form the palms of the hands.

Question 42

What are metatarsals?

Answer 42

Five bones that form the part of the foot where the toes are attached.

Question 43

What is an open fracture?

Answer 43

Bone is broken and there is open wound in skin.

Question 44

What is an orthopedic surgeon?

Answer 44

Physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating bone, joint, and muscle diseases/disorders.

Question 45

What is an orthotic?

Answer 45

Mechanical appliance used to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function.

Question 46

What is osteoarthritis?

Answer 46

Inflammation of the joint (associated with aging).

Question 47

What is osteonecrosis?

Answer 47

Death of bone tissue from insufficient blood supply.

Question 48

What is an osteoporotic hip fracture?

Answer 48

Broken hip usually from osteoporosis.

Question 49

What is osteorrhaphy?

Answer 49

Surgical suturing or wiring together of bones.

Question 50

What is Paget’s disease?

Answer 50

Bone disease of unknown cause, breakdown of bone tissue & abnormal bone formation.

Question 51

What is a pathologic fracture?

Answer 51

Weakened bone breaks under normal strain.

Question 52

What is percutaneous vertebroplasty?

Answer 52

Procedure to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures.

Question 53

What is a podiatrist?

Answer 53

Specialist in diagnosing and treating foot disorders.

Question 54

What is a prosthesis?

Answer 54

Substitute for diseased or missing body part.

Question 55

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 55

Chronic autoimmune disorder; immune system attacks joints, organs, other body systems.

Question 56

What is rickets?

Answer 56

Defective bone growth in children due to vitamin D deficiency.

Question 57

What is spina bifida?

Answer 57

Congenital defect; spinal canal fails to close completely around spinal cord.

Question 58

What is a spiral fracture?

Answer 58

Fracture caused by bone twisting apart.

Question 59

What is subluxation?

Answer 59

Partial displacement of a bone from its joint.

Question 60

What are vertebrae?

Answer 60

26 bony units in the spinal column.