Unit 2

Question 1

What is adenectomy?

Answer 1

Surgical removal of a gland.

Question 2

What is adenocarcinoma?

Answer 2

Malignant tumor originating in glandular tissue.

Question 3

What is adenoma?

Answer 3

Benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue.

Question 4

What is adenomalacia?

Answer 4

Abnormal softening of a gland.

Question 5

What is adenosclerosis?

Answer 5

Abnormal hardening of a gland.

Question 6

What is adipose tissue?

Answer 6

Fat.

Question 7

What does anterior mean?

Answer 7

Situated in the front (front of the body or front of an organ).

Question 8

What does caudal mean?

Answer 8

Toward the lower part of the body.

Question 9

What does cephalic mean?

Answer 9

Toward the head.

Question 10

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 10

Material inside the cell membrane that is NOT part of the nucleus.

Question 11

What is endemic?

Answer 11

Ongoing presence of a disease within a population/group.

Question 12

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 12

Glands that produce hormones and secrete them directly into the bloodstream.

Question 13

What are exocrine glands?

Answer 13

Glands that produce and secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead to openings in the body surface.

Question 14

What is histology?

Answer 14

Study of the structure, composition, and function of tissues.

Question 15

What is a cytologist?

Answer 15

Specialist in the study and analysis of cells.

Question 16

What is etiology?

Answer 16

Study of the causes of diseases.

Question 17

What is physiology?

Answer 17

Study of the functions of body structures.

Question 18

What is an idiopathic disorder?

Answer 18

Illness with unknown cause.

Question 19

What is anaplasia?

Answer 19

Change in cell structure and development.

Question 20

What is aplasia?

Answer 20

Defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue.

Question 21

What is dysplasia?

Answer 21

Abnormal increase in the number of cells in tissues.

Question 22

What is hyperplasia?

Answer 22

Enlargement of an organ or tissue (due to increased cell number).

Question 23

What is hypoplasia?

Answer 23

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue.

Question 24

What does posterior mean?

Answer 24

Situated in the back (back of the body or back of an organ).

Question 25

What is homeostasis?

Answer 25

Self-regulating body processes that maintain internal stability.

Question 26

What is the abdominal cavity?

Answer 26

Primarily contains major organs of digestion.

Question 27

What is anatomy?

Answer 27

Study of the structures of the body.

Question 28

What is an anomaly?

Answer 28

Deviation from normal.

Question 29

What is bloodborne transmission?

Answer 29

Spread of a disease through contact with blood or blood contaminated body fluids.

Question 30

What are chromosomes?

Answer 30

Genetic structures located within the nucleus of each cell.

Question 31

What is a communicable disease?

Answer 31

Contagious disease (transmitted between people through direct or indirect contact with contaminated objects).

Question 32

What is a congenital disorder?

Answer 32

Abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth.

Question 33

What does distal mean?

Answer 33

Situated farthest from the midline or beginning of a body structure.

Question 34

What does dorsal mean?

Answer 34

Back of the organs or the body.

Question 35

What is an epidemic?

Answer 35

Sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a population/group.

Question 36

What is the epigastric region?

Answer 36

Area located above the stomach.

Question 37

What is a functional disorder?

Answer 37

Symptoms with no identifiable physiological or anatomical cause.

Question 38

What is a genetic disorder?

Answer 38

A pathological condition caused by an absent or defective gene (hereditary).

Question 39

What is a geriatrician?

Answer 39

Person who specializes in the care of older people (gerontologist).

Question 40

What is hemophilia?

Answer 40

Hereditary bleeding disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is missing.

Question 41

What is hypertrophy?

Answer 41

Increase in the bulk of a body part/organ based on size rather than increased number of cells.

Question 42

What is the hypogastric region?

Answer 42

Area located below the stomach.

Question 43

What is an iatrogenic illness?

Answer 43

Unfavorable response resulting from prescribed medical treatment.

Question 44

What is an infectious disease?

Answer 44

Illness caused by living pathogenic organisms (bacteria/viruses).

Question 45

What does inguinal mean?

Answer 45

Relating to the groin, lower area of the abdomen.

Question 46

What does medial mean?

Answer 46

Direction toward or nearer the midline.

Question 47

What is mesentery?

Answer 47

A fused double layer (fold) of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall.

Question 48

What is the midsagittal plane?

Answer 48

Divides the body into equal left and right halves.

Question 49

What is a nosocomial infection?

Answer 49

Disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting.

Question 50

What is a pandemic?

Answer 50

Outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area or worldwide.

Question 51

What is the pelvic cavity?

Answer 51

Space formed by the hip bones that contains reproductive and excretory systems.

Question 52

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 52

Multilayered membrane that protects the organs in the abdominal cavity.

Question 53

What is peritonitis?

Answer 53

Inflammation of the peritoneum.

Question 54

What is phenylketonuria?

Answer 54

Genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing.

Question 55

What does proximal mean?

Answer 55

Situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure.

Question 56

What does retroperitoneal mean?

Answer 56

Located behind the peritoneum.

Question 57

What are stem cells?

Answer 57

Unspecialized cells that are able to renew themselves by cell division.

Question 58

What is the thoracic cavity?

Answer 58

Surrounds and protects the lungs.

Question 59

What is the transverse plane?

Answer 59

Horizontal marker that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions.

Question 60

What is the umbilicus?

Answer 60

Belly button, naval (pit in the abdominal wall where the umbilical cord was attached prior to birth).

Question 61

What is vector-borne transmission?

Answer 61

Spread of a disease due to the bite of an infected insect or animal.

Question 62

What does ventral mean?

Answer 62

Cavity located along the front of the body that contains the body organs that sustain homeostasis.