Unit 3 Flashcards
Fight for Independence
What was being used to get colonists ready to fight?
Propaganda
What is an arsenal?
A place to store guns and ammunition
Where did the British plan to take over an arsenal?
Concord
How were the Son’s of Liberty alerted that they must travel by sea to get to Concord?
2 lanterns were put in the steeple of the church
Where do the British have to go through to get to Concord?
Lexington
Who was tricked into firing first at the Battle of Lexington and Concord? What was it called?
the British fired the shot heard around the world
Who made his famous ride?
Paul Revere
Why didn’t the British like our warfare?
We used Guerrilla Warfare, which is basically hide, shoot, then run
When was the Battle at Bunker Hill?
June 17, 1775
Why did the colonists choose to go to the top of a hill and dig for an attack during the Battle of Bunker Hill?
The soldiers carried a 15 lbs musket and a 20 lbs backpack while they were still being shot at.
What was William Prescott’s famous quote?
“Don’t fire ‘til you see the whites of their eyes.”
Who said, “Don’t fire ‘til you see the whites of their eyes,”?
William Prescott
What does the phrase ‘don’t fire ‘til you see the whites of their eyes’ mean?
The bullets would only travel so far and they didn’t want to waste ammunition
Who won the Battle of Bunker Hill?
the British
Who had a moral victory in the Battle of Bunker Hill? What is a moral victory?
The colonists technically lost but they still did really well so their morals were high
Who was in charge of the 2nd Continental Congress?
John Hancock
What were the reason for having the 2nd Continental Congress?
- to ask colonists for supplies and guns
- to send a letter to France
- to set up Continental Army with George Washington as General
What are paid fighters from another country called?
Mercenaries
Where were the mercenaries from? How much were they paid?
Germany
$35 per colonist killed
They were not loyal fighters
Who kept writing pamphlets with propaganda?
Tom Paine
A committee of 5 was set up to talk about the Declaration of Independence. Who was the main man in charge?
Thomas Jefferson
What did Thomas Jefferson do while writing the Declaration of Independence?
He borrowed ideas from English documents
Who said all men have a right to life liberty and property?
John Locke
What did Jefferson change in the phrase all men have the right to life, liberty, and property?
He changed property to the Pursuit of Happiness
What are the 3 parts to the Declaration of Independence?
- Preamble – introduction
- List of Grievances – all the bad things England has done
- Independence – a list of names committing treason
What is the punishment for treason?
Hanging a slow death
Who was the British commander in the Battle at Trenton and where were they camped out?
Col. Ralls
Trenton, New Jersey
What was Washington’s plan at the Battle of Trenton?
To attack the British the day after Christmas because the Germans would be hungover
What river did Washington cross?
Delaware River
What were the results of the Battle of Trenton?
The British (Hessians) had 1300 men and 1000 of them were captured.
We won
What did a letter have to do with the Battle at Trenton?
Ralls got a not telling him to be aware of Washington’s attack on Christmas Day but he stuck it in his pocket, unread, and didn’t prepare
Why is the Battle at Saratoga called the turning point of the war?
France decided to help us because Ben Franklin convinced them to fight
Who was Benedict Arnold?
A traitor who gave secret plans to the British to help them in battle and rebel against superior officers
What does mutiny mean?
open rebellion
Why did colonial troops begin to mutiny?
They had little food and money and were losing the war.
Why was Valley Forge terrible?
People were freezing to death
What year did we win the war?
1781
Why does Yorktown become famous?
the British surrendered
What were the conditions of the Treaty of Paris after the war ended?
-Colonists get land past the App Mountains but England won’t protect us anymore
Soldiers come by farms and do what during the war?
they go around asking for cow’s meat for other soldiers and take grain to feed their own families
Oh no! Don’t take seed grain! We need it for planting season!
What are the problems this new country will face?
-No army
-No money
-No government
-Many buildings were destroyed
What does emancipation mean?
freedom
Who was known as Swamp Fox?
Francis Marion
Who was Swamp Fox?
a terrorist leader, who led the patriots through Guerrilla Warfare
