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American History > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

Fight for Independence

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1
Q

What was being used to get colonists ready to fight?

A

Propaganda

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2
Q

Define Patriots

A

Those who fight for independance

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3
Q

Define Moderates

A

Those who aren’t sure about independance

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4
Q

Define Loyalists

A

Those who like England

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5
Q

What is an arsenal?

A

A place to store guns and ammunition

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6
Q

Where did the British plan to take over an arsenal?

A

Concord

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7
Q

How were the Son’s of Liberty alerted that they must travel by sea to get to Concord?

A

2 lanterns were put in the steeple of the church

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8
Q

Where do the British have to go through to get to Concord?

A

Lexington

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9
Q

Who was tricked into firing first at the Battle of Lexington and Concord? What was it called?

A

the British fired the shot heard around the world

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10
Q

How many minutemen and British troops were in the Battle of Lexington and Concord?

A

77 minutemen and 750 British troops

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11
Q

Who made his famous ride?

A

Paul Revere

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12
Q

Why didn’t the British like our warfare?

A

We used Guerrilla Warfare, which is basically hide, shoot, then run

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13
Q

How many British were killed in the Battle of Lexington and Concord?

A

250

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14
Q

How many colonists were killed in the Battle of Lexington and Concord?

A

100

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15
Q

When was the Battle at Bunker Hill?

A

June 17, 1775

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16
Q

Why did the colonists choose to go to the top of a hill and dig for an attack during the Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

The soldiers carried a 15 lbs musket and a 20 lbs backpack while they were still being shot at.

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17
Q

What was William Prescott’s famous quote?

A

“Don’t fire ‘til you see the whites of their eyes.”

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18
Q

Who said, “Don’t fire ‘til you see the whites of their eyes,”?

A

William Prescott

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19
Q

What does the phrase ‘don’t fire ‘til you see the whites of their eyes’ mean?

A

The bullets would only travel so far and they didn’t want to waste ammunition

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20
Q

How many British were killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

1000

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21
Q

How many colonists were killed in the Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

400

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22
Q

Who won the Battle of Bunker Hill?

A

the British

23
Q

Who had a moral victory in the Battle of Bunker Hill? What is a moral victory?

A

The colonists technically lost but they still did really well so their morals were high

24
Q

Who was in charge of the 2nd Continental Congress?

A

John Hancock

25
Q

What were the reason for having the 2nd Continental Congress?

A
  1. to ask colonists for supplies and guns
  2. to send a letter to France
  3. to set up Continental Army with George Washington as General
26
Q

What are paid fighters from another country called?

A

Mercenaries

27
Q

Where were the mercenaries from? How much were they paid?

A

Germany
$35 per colonist killed
They were not loyal fighters

28
Q

Who kept writing pamphlets with propaganda?

A

Tom Paine

29
Q

A committee of 5 was set up to talk about the Declaration of Independence. Who was the main man in charge?

A

Thomas Jefferson

30
Q

What did Thomas Jefferson do while writing the Declaration of Independence?

A

He borrowed ideas from English documents

31
Q

Who said all men have a right to life liberty and property?

A

John Locke

32
Q

What did Jefferson change in the phrase all men have the right to life, liberty, and property?

A

He changed property to the Pursuit of Happiness

33
Q

What are the 3 parts to the Declaration of Independence?

A
  1. Preamble – introduction
  2. List of Grievances – all the bad things England has done
  3. Independence – a list of names committing treason
34
Q

What is the punishment for treason?

A

Hanging a slow death

35
Q

What was favored to British victory?

A

-Loyalists lived in the colonies and supported the British
-British troops were trained better
-England had a huge army

36
Q

What was favored to the Colonist’s victory?

A

-Only had to hold out to win
-England had a long way to travel, about 300 miles
-People in England hated the war and protested
-The colonists had France’s help
-We had George Washington

37
Q

Who was the British commander in the Battle at Trenton and where were they camped out?

A

Col. Ralls
Trenton, New Jersey

38
Q

What was Washington’s plan at the Battle of Trenton?

A

To attack the British the day after Christmas because the Germans would be hungover

39
Q

What river did Washington cross?

A

Delaware River

40
Q

What were the results of the Battle of Trenton?

A

The British (Hessians) had 1300 men and 1000 of them were captured

41
Q

What did a letter have to do with the Battle at Trenton?

A

Ralls got a not telling him to be aware of Washington’s attack on Christmas Day but he stuck it in his pocket, unread, and didn’t prepare

42
Q

Why is the Battle at Saratoga called the turning point of the war?

A

France decided to help us because Ben Franklin convinced them to fight

43
Q

Who was Benedict Arnold?

A

A traitor who gave secret plans to the British to help them in battle and rebel against superior officers

44
Q

What does mutiny mean?

A

open rebellion

45
Q

Why did colonial troops begin to mutiny?

A

They had little food and money and were losing the war.

46
Q

Why was Valley Forge terrible?

A

People were freezing to death

47
Q

What year did we win the war?

A

1781

48
Q

Why does Yorktown become famous?

A

the British surrendered

49
Q

What were the conditions of the Treaty of Paris after the war ended?

A

-Colonists get land past the App Mountains but England won’t protect us anymore

50
Q

Soldiers come by farms and do what during the war?

A

they go around asking for cow’s meat for other soldiers and take grain to feed their own families

Oh no! Don’t take seed grain! We need it for planting season!

51
Q

What are the problems this new country will face?

A

-No army
-No money
-No government
-Many buildings were destroyed

52
Q

What does emancipation mean?

A

freedom

53
Q

Who was known as Swamp Fox?

A

Francis Marion

54
Q

Who was Swamp Fox?

A

a terrorist leader, who led the patriots through Guerrilla Warfare

American History (4 decks)

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