Unit 1

Question 1

What is the Land Bridge Theory?

Answer 1

The theory that the water between Russia and Alaska froze and people walked across

Question 2

What are conquistadors?

Answer 2

Spanish soldiers that looted from Indians

Question 3

What mistakes did the Spanish Empire make when settling in America?

(3 answers)

Answer 3

-It took too much land, making it hard to defend
-It restricted trade to only Spain, forcing things to be very cheap
-Only those in charge were rich; everyone else was poor. This led to rebellion

Question 4

What were peons?

Answer 4

Poorest people in the Spanish Empire

Question 5

What were Huguenots?

Answer 5

Strong Christians who refused to worship the king

Question 6

What is mercantilism?

Answer 6

When a country becomes self-sufficient by producing its own goods and having skilled workers

Question 7

France was not friends with the Iroquois Indians. They gradually lost much of North America because of bad government choices

Question 8

Which countries fought in the English Channel in 1588?
Who won?

Answer 8

Spain vs. England
England won

Question 9

What is an armada?

Answer 9

A huge fleet of ships

Question 10

What was England’s first colony called in 1607?

Answer 10

Jamestown

Question 11

What was the Mayflower Compact?

Answer 11

A document saying only we will only obey the laws we make

Question 12

What were the New England Colonies in charge of?

Answer 12

Fishing, lumber, lobster

Question 13

What were Middle Colonies in charge of?

Answer 13

Corn, wheat, oats, livestock

Question 14

What was the Middle Colonies’s nickname?

Answer 14

The Bread Colonies

Question 15

What were the Southern Colonies in charge of?

Answer 15

Tobacco, cotton

Question 16

What was the biggest city?

Answer 16

Philadelphia

Question 17

What is an immigrant?

Answer 17

People who come from other countries–usually poor so they couldn’t pay for their trip

Question 18

What is an indentured servant?

Answer 18

Someone who works for a master for several years to pay for a trip to another country

Question 19

Why was living in the colonies difficult?

(4 answers)

Answer 19

-Indian attacks
-Some starved to death
-Fires spread
-Disease spread

Question 20

How many people died in Jamestown?
Why didn’t they prepare for winter?

Answer 20

440 died.
They were too busy looking for gold and silver

Question 21

Who was John Rolfe?

Answer 21

He grew tobacco, which later became a major cash crop because people in England loved it

Question 22

What were the slave codes?

(3 answers)

Answer 22

1) Death penalty for run away slaves
2) A master can legally kill the slave
3) The government would replace the slave for free

Question 23

What was the first American college?
The second?

Answer 23

Harvard
Yale

Question 24

What was the Acts of Trade and Navigation?

Answer 24

It said goods produced must be sent to England

Question 25

What was the Molasses Act in 1733?

Answer 25

Taxes on sugar and molasses

Question 26

How did colonists feel about taxes?

Answer 26

They ignored them

Question 27

What job did Ben Franklin have?

Answer 27

Printer

Question 28

What book did Franklin write with famous sayings?

Answer 28

Poor Richard’s Almanac

Question 29

What influence did Franklin have over the community?

Answer 29

He helped organize the first police force, hospital, fire department, and library

Question 30

What did Franklin invent?

Answer 30

Lightning rod, bifocals, Franklin stove

Question 31

What were subsistence farmers?

Answer 31

Farmers who only grew enough food for their families

Question 32

What is scurvy?

Answer 32

A sickness from lack of vitamin C–commonly occurred on ships

Question 33

What did sailors use to sail ships?

Answer 33

A map and compass