Unit 1 Flashcards
What is the Land Bridge Theory?
The theory that the water between Russia and Alaska froze and people walked across
What are conquistadors?
Spanish soldiers that looted from Indians
What mistakes did the Spanish Empire make when settling in America?
(3 answers)
-It took too much land, making it hard to defend
-It restricted trade to only Spain, forcing things to be very cheap
-Only those in charge were rich; everyone else was poor. This led to rebellion
What were peons?
Poorest people in the Spanish Empire
What were Huguenots?
Strong Christians who refused to worship the king
What is mercantilism?
When a country becomes self-sufficient by producing its own goods and having skilled workers
France was not friends with the Iroquois Indians. They gradually lost much of North America because of bad government choices
Which countries fought in the English Channel in 1588?
Who won?
Spain vs. England
England won
What is an armada?
A huge fleet of ships
What was England’s first colony called in 1607?
Jamestown
What was the Mayflower Compact?
A document saying only we will only obey the laws we make
What was the biggest city?
Philadelphia
What is an immigrant?
People who come from other countries–usually poor so they couldn’t pay for their trip
What is an indentured servant?
Someone who works for a master for several years to pay for a trip to another country
Why was living in the colonies difficult?
(4 answers)
-Indian attacks
-Some starved to death
-Fires spread
-Disease spread
How many people died in Jamestown?
Why didn’t they prepare for winter?
440 died.
They were too busy looking for gold and silver
Who was John Rolfe?
He grew tobacco, which later became a major cash crop because people in England loved it
What were the slave codes?
(3 answers)
1) Death penalty for run away slaves
2) A master can legally kill the slave
3) The government would replace the slave for free
What was the first American college?
The second?
Harvard
Yale
What was the Acts of Trade and Navigation?
It said goods produced must be sent to England
What was the Molasses Act in 1733?
Taxes on sugar and molasses
How did colonists feel about taxes?
They ignored them
What job did Ben Franklin have?
Printer
What book did Franklin write with famous sayings?
Poor Richard’s Almanac
What influence did Franklin have over the community?
He helped organize the first police force, hospital, fire department, and library
What did Franklin invent?
Lightning rod, bifocals, Franklin stove
What were subsistence farmers?
Farmers who only grew enough food for their families
What is scurvy?
A sickness from lack of vitamin C–commonly occurred on ships
What did sailors use to sail ships?
A map and compass
