Unit 3 Flashcards
lives in one type of habitat, one to a few food sources, tolerates a narrow range of environment conditions, prone to extinction
Specialists
lives in a variety of habitats, many food sources, tolerates a wide range of environments. Conditions, adaptable- high fitness (ability to survive)
Generalists
bigger, lasts longer, fewer offspring, parental care, less able to adapt
K-selected species
smaller, short lifespan, many offspring, no parental care, adapts quickly
r-selected species
organisms tend to survive beyond their young and middle-ages and die when they become elderly.
Type1 Survivorship
constant proportion of individuals dying at each age interval
Type 2 Survivorship
high death rate among the young, but a relatively low death rate for those who survive into middle and old age
Type 3 Survivorship
the maximum population that a given area can sustain
Carry Capacity
occurs when the population growth exceeds the carrying capacity due to limiting factors.
Overshoot
factors that influence population growth based on size:
food, competition for habitat, water, light, even disease
Density Dependent Pop. Factors
factors that influence population growth independent of their size
natural disasters
Density Independent Pop. Factors
maximum potential growth rate, with no limiting resources
exponential
Biotic Potential
J shaped
initial rapid growth, then limiting factors limit population (carrying capacity )
Logisitic Growth
s shaped
the number of births a woman has in her lifetime
factors involved such as education, government policies, family planning
Total Fertility Rate
Infant mortality is the death of an infant before his or her first birthday per 1000
Infant Mortality
