Unit 3 Flashcards
Emotions
The feelings you have
Emotional Expression
Is the way you elect to communicate these emotions. Not all emotions are communicated and may be masked.
Emotional Behavior
Is the way you act on the basis of emotions. What we see and can infer what someone is feeling based off of that.
First Order Emotion
Born with it. Wired to have it. Fear
Second Order Emotion
Learned, cultural. Guilt and remorse in the U.S. and shame in Japan.
Primary Emotion
Joy, acceptance, fear, surprise, etc.
Mixed Emotion
Combination of primary emotions
Commonsense view of emotions
an event occurs
we experience an emotion
we respond physiologically
James-Lange theory of emotions
an event occurs
we respond physiologically
we experience an emotion
The Cognitive Labeling theory of emotions
an event occurs
we respond physiologically
we interpret this arousal
we experience an emotion
Influences on emotional experience and expression (9)
culture and language, display rules, technology, emotional contagion, sex and gender, personality dimensions, emotional intelligence
Display Rules
-Intensification (wind up)
-De-Intensification (calm down)
-Simulation (acting out an emotion)
-Inhibition (hide emotion)
-Masking (can’t read someone’s emotion)
Sharpening your emotional communication skills (6)
-listen to your body
-pay attention to your thoughts
-take stock of the situation
-learn to reappraise negative emotions
-accept responsibility for your emotions
-separate your emotions from your actions
Facilitative Emotions
Help you to function. A little pressure can make you produce work faster and better.
Debilitative Emotions
More intense, keep you from functioning effectively. Depression
Communicating Emotions Interpersonally Preliminary Analysis (before you act)
1.) understand your emotions
2.) decide if you wish to express your feelings
3.) assess your communication options
How to use I messages (4)
-Describe your emotions
-Describe the intensity with which you feel the emotion
-Describe whatever influenced or stimulated you to feel as you do
-Describe what, if anything, you want the listener to do
Schutz Interpersonal Needs theory
inclusion, control, affection
Beliefs
our individual perceptions of what is and what is not, based on our idea of truth or falsity
Attitudes
our prepositions toward action based on what we like or do not like
Values
our individual perceptions of the relative worth of actions, ideas, events, or people.
Why do we develop interpersonal relationships (5)
-alleviate loneliness
-secure stimulation
-establish contact for self-knowledge
-enhance self-esteem
-maximize pleasure and minimize pain
Social Exchange Theory (4)
-interpersonal relationships follow an economic model for rewards and costs
-rewards=things we find pleasing
-costs=things we find displeasing
-Comparison level should be greater than or equal to our comparison level for alternatives
Relational Messages Parts (3)
-Content: what is actually said
-Relational: cue that tells us what sort of message a content message is to be taken as.
-Relational messages are metacommunicative
Dominance Submission (3)
-One up messages: those that indicate a desire to take control or limit the actions of others
-One down messages: those that indicate a desire to give in or relinquish one’s freedom
-One across messages: those that indicate equivalence or at least have no implications or control.
Relational Definition
mental models/schemas, that label and classify relationships and specify how members should treat one another
Relational Culture
common orientations, behaviors, rules, shared by unique dyad
Relational Contract
implicit contract that covers what people expect to receive from one another, indicates mutual obligations, and outline any exceptions or contingency clauses.
Five Factors Influencing Interpersonal Attraction
Physical and personality attractiveness (matching hypothesis)
Proximity
Reinforcement (somewhere in the middle, neither extremes)
Similarity
Complementarity
Newcomb’s Balance Theory
We like when people like the things we like. We may not come to an agreement on something but we aren’t totally against the other
Other sources of attraction (3)
Reciprocity
Competency (at least one redeeming quality)
Disclosure
Uncertainty Reduction Theory
Suggests that we get to know others to reduce our uncertainty about them.
Predicted Outcome Value Theory
Suggests that when we first communicate with others, we try to predict whether continued communication with them will be worth the effort
Equity Theory
Suggests that we seek relationships in which our ratio of costs and benefits is the same as our partners.
Filtering Theory of Attraction
we assess each individual, choosing to initiate relationships with some and not with others, and to develop some further than others
Relational Deterioration
the weakening of the bonds which hold people together
How can you reverse deterioration (3)
reverse negative communication patterns
begin doing cherishing behaviors
adopt a positive action program
Withdrawal
avoiding the other person or reducing the amount of conflict
Pseudo De-Escalation
is the lie that one just wishes to change the relationship to be less close. Wants to reduce intimacy
Cost Escalation
behaving in a way that makes it more difficult for the other person to continue being with you
Fading Away
when both parties acknowledge implicitly that the relationship is over
Mutual Pseudo De-Escalation
both people say lets just be friends
Fait Accompli
a direct simple statement that the relationship is over
State of the Relationship Talk
an attempt to analyze the relationship. You want other to see that something is wrong with
Attributional Conflict
A fight in which each party blames the other for the breakup. Nasty divorce
Negotiated Farewell
a mutual parting of the ways without hostility.
