Unit 3 Flashcards
What can a cat treat labeled as “100% salmon” contain
salmon
water
preservatives
Give an example of a Statement of Nutritional Adequacy.
Complete and balanced nutrition for all stages of life.
Pet foods made & sold in US must contain what three things
all ingredients
guaranteed analysis
name and address of manunfacturer
T or F:
Ingredient lists can be used as the sole basis to compare foods because they help determine the quality of the ingredients used.
false
Which way of comparing nutrient content (the % protein, for example) is easiest for an owner comparing 2 types of canned cat food with differing moisture contents?
Dry matter
A ________ is a solution produced through partial enzymatic degradation of meat.
Digest
Give an example of a functional ingredient and tell me what it does.
glucosamine - joint and arthritis support
Why are Barley and Sorgum used in pet foods (two reasons)
slow digested
help with glycemic control
Why is potato often used in dog and cat foods (three reasons)
Helps make food visually appealing (“stews”)
Enhance texture of canned foods
Good source of digestible starch
Byproducts of meat include parts of the animal not used for human food. These can include what two things
organ meats
bone
Which one of the following is the solid residue left after juicing fruits & veggies?
pulp
Gluten is primarily what type of nutrient?
protein
The milling byproduct produced from the outer coat of cereal grains is ____?
Bran
T or F:
Rice, and in particular rice flours, in food causes a rapid rise in blood glucose after eating.
True
T or F:
Corn gluten meal contains all of the amino acids that an animal may need.
False
T or F:
Protein sources in cat and dog food can only come from animal sources.
False
T or F:
Natural is the same thing as organic.
False
T or F:
Neophobia is more common in cats.
True
Dry pet food that is made by spreading out dough in large sheets, baking it, & then breaking it into pieces is called ____________.
Baked Kibble
What is another term for pressure sterilization?
Retorting
What is the most common form of food fed to US dogs & cats?
Extruded food
What is the main difference between premium & super-premium foods?
Functional ingredients/nutrients for specific health benefits
What types of pet foods are marketed nationally, are sold in all grocery stores & large chains, & rely on a lot of advertising & name recognition to sell their products?
Basic nutrition brands
What type of pet foods carry a house name of a grocery store or mass-merchant retailer (like Costco/Kirkland products) & the quality depends on the company’s pet care philosophy?
Private label brands
Formulating a vegetarian or vegan diet is most difficult for what companion animal species?
Cats
Where do most people that feed homemade diets get the recipe from? AND - where SHOULD they get the recipe from?
Most people get them from making the diet up in their own mind because they think they know what their pet needs.
They should consult the American College of Veterinary Nutrition or at the very least their own vet.
What 2 functions does a humectant in food have?
prevents bacteria or mold growth
prevents moisture loss
Four things that are true regarding raw pet food diets
Searing meat eliminates some of the bacteria associated with butchering
There is no objective data to support or refute claims regarding health benefits of a raw food diet
Raw food diets are frequently nutritionally imbalanced
There is a risk of Salmonella & E. coli infections
What is one reason that an owner may choose a vegetarian diet for the dog/cat? How would you convince them that may or may not be the best choice?
they may think that pet foods are made from animals that are inhumanely treated
educate them on the benefits of the complete nutrition that commercial pet foods have and our pets need meat in their diets - especially cats
Any label that says “complete & balanced” must also have feeding directions which state what?
The amount to feed (weight of product) per (weight of animal)
__________ reflects how well nutrients can be absorbed and used by the body.
Digestibility
_______ are specifically added to protect nutrients from oxidative or microbial damage.
Preservatives
Describe what it means when a food is manufactured using fixed formulations compared to variable formulations.
Fixed formulations will not change the ingredients that make up the food based on ingredient pricing or availability.
Fixed formulations often under go feeding trials and studies.
Fixed formulation are usually more expensive.
Name one pro & one con regarding canned pet foods.
Pro - delicious to the pet, good palatability
Con - expensive for pet parents to buy
Which type of test describes one in which a researcher provides 3 new types of diabetic foods to a cat & records which diet the cat eats the most of?
Food preference test
When an animal is fed one specific food over long period of time & the pet prefers that particular food & won’t accept new foods, what type of effect is this?
Primacy effect
If an animal gets sick due to a diet & later refuses to eat it, what is this an example of?
learned aversion
The bigger the size of the kibble, the _____ the dog will eat it.
slower
Why do dogs eat so fast, & what some ways can you instruct owners to help their dogs eat more slowly to avoid choking or vomiting?
their primal instinct (from the wolf relatives) tells them to eat quickly before other dogs or predators try to steal their meal
Ways to slow them down:
letting the dog eat alone, away from other animals or humans (help them not to feel threatened)
slow feeders
treat/food dispensers
spreading the food across the floor
What is an example of a food hoarding behavior in dogs?
hiding/burying their bones and treats
When a pet has access to unlimited food for a predetermined time (say 10 minutes) & is allowed to eat for only this time, what type of feeding is this?
time controlled feeding
What type of feeding technique would be best in kennels where dogs bark right before & during feeding times?
free feeding
Describe a feeding behavior of cats. How do each of them relate to the behaviors of African Wild Cats?
hunting behavior
eating small meals frequently
waiting to eat when they are alone
Do dogs tend to eat more or less food when other dogs are around?
more
Soybean products like textured vegetable protein can cause which of the following symptoms?
loose stools
farts
Fat sources can come from what three things
Vegetable Fats (such as corn oil)
Animal Fats (such as chicken)
Fish meal
