Unit 3 Flashcards
What is an Argument?
An argument is a set of statements one of which (the conclusion) appears to be implied or supported by others (the premises)
What is a Syllogism?
A deductive argument with two premises and three terms
What is a Categorical Syllogism?
A syllogism consisting of 3 statements in categorical form
Minor term…
is the subject of the conclusion
Major term…
is the predicate of the conclusion
Middle term…
is not in the conclusion but in both premises
The mood of a syllogism
What type of statement each premise and conclusion is All m are s: A Some S are p: I Some M are P: I Mood: AII
The figure of a syllogism
The order of the middle term in the premises
Right arm straight, right arm cross, left arm straight, left arm cross
All m are s: A
Some S is p: I
Some M are P: I
Form(mood and figure) AAA-4 because S is across
A syllogism is valid if…
the truth of the conclusion follows from the truth of the premises.
Vailidity…
is whether the premises imply the conclusion correctly
Validity depends…
only on the form of the argument, not the truth of the conclusion
A sound syllogism is…
when the syllogism is valid and the premises are true, so the conclusion is also true.
What is a conclusion?
The statement that appears to be implied by the other statements in the argument.
