Unit 2B study guide

Question 1

Powers of the president

Answer 1

Expressed powers, inherent powers

Question 2

Expressed powers

Answer 2

powers are the ones explicitly named and described in the constitution. For example: grant pardons, inform Congress of the state of the union, take care clause

Question 3

Inherent powers

Answer 3

powers are the ones implied to exist. think “implied’ powers of the legislative branch- necessary and proper

Question 4

Chief executive

Answer 4

Article II constitution: “the executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America

Question 5

Cabinet

Answer 5

the heads of 15 major executive departments, VP, and heads of other agencies. Chosen by the president, confirmed by the senate. advise the president

Question 6

executive order

Answer 6

instructing this bureaucracy on how to implement policy. not subject to a vote in congress

Question 7

pardons

Answer 7

presidential authority to forgive an individual and set aside punishment for a crime

Question 8

Chief diplomat

Answer 8

makes treaties- 2/3 ratification from the senate. appoint ambassadors. receive ambassadors. executive agreements

Question 9

executive agreements

Answer 9

an agreement between a president and another nation that does not have the same durability in the american system as a treaty but does not require senate ratification. not subject to senate approval

Question 10

chief economist

Answer 10

initiates the budgeting process every year. propose a budget for congress to ratify. appoints the head of the federal reserve bank

Question 11

Andrew johnson

Answer 11

1868, violation of the tenure of office act (firing a cabinet member without senate approval), senate failed to convict

Question 12

richard nixon

Answer 12

1973, obstruction of justice, abuse of power, and contempt of congress, resigned before the house could actually impeach him

Question 13

bill clinton

Answer 13

1998, lying under oath and obstruction of justice, senate failed to convict

Question 14

donald trump

Answer 14

2019 & 2021, abuse of power, obstruction of congress, senate failed to convict

Question 15

Powers and roles of the president

Answer 15

Inherent vs. expressed, chief executive, chief legislator, commander-in-chief, chief diplomat, chief economist

Question 16

Powers and privileges of the president

Answer 16

inherent powers, expressed powers, war powers, executive privilege, emergency powers

Question 17

war powers

Answer 17

president’s powers relating to combat

Question 18

executive privilege

Answer 18

a right claimed by presidents to keep certain conversations, records, and transcripts confidential from outside scrutiny, especially that of congress

Question 19

emergency powers

Answer 19

presidential powers to act decisively during times of congress

Question 20

authority as commander-in-chief

Answer 20

used to order troops w/o war declaration

Question 21

bureaucracy

Answer 21

executive branch organizations responsible for implementing policy

Question 22

3 bureaucratic powers

Answer 22

1. delegated discretionary authority over how new laws are implemented
2. administrative rule-making-> can determine rules, regulations to make sure the law is being followed
3. administrative adjudication-> can enforce its rules and administer punishments if broken

Question 23

4 types of bureaucracy

Answer 23

1. cabinet/ executive department 2. independent executive agency 3. independent regulatory agencies 4. government corporation

Question 24

cabinet/ executive department

Answer 24

major executive offices that are directly accountable to the president.

Question 25

Independent Executive Agency

Answer 25

similar to cabinet department, but more focused on specific tasks, not subject to the regulatory authority of any specific department

Question 26

Independent Regulatory Agencies

Answer 26

Government units that regulate a specific economic activity or interest

Question 27

Government Corporation

Answer 27

Agencies formed by the federal government to administer a quasi-business enterprise

Question 28

iron triangles

Answer 28

Alliance between a 1) congressional committee, 2) bureaucratic agency, and 3) interest group(s) that influence BROAD policy areas, like education policy.

Question 29

Issue networks

Answer 29

Temporary, more informal coalition that promotes a SPECIFIC issue or agenda, like gov’t funding for private religious schools.