Unit 2.8 Intelligence Flashcards
Intelligence
The ability to derive information, learn from experience, adapt to the environment, understand and correctly utilize thought and reason.
General intelligence
General mental ability
Uses something called factor analysis
Factors that are similar occur together and can be grouped into one thing
Multiple intelligences
Not how smart you are, but how you are smart
Intelligence is based on unrelated domains.
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
IQ is a standardized test that is meant to evalute how intelligent someone is.
Calculated by dividing the mental age (the level at which the child is operating) by the chronological age (the actual age of the child) and multiplying that by 100
Mental age
The level at which the child is operating
Chronological age
the actual age of the child
Intelligence tests
A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.
Psychometrics
Standardization, reliability, validity, and sociocultural responsiveness
Standardized
The use of uniform procedures in test administration to ensure that all participants take the same test under the same conditions and are scored by the same criteria, which in turn ensures that results can be compared to each other
Valid
A test is considered valid if it measures what it is designed to measure
Predictive validity
Anticipates a future measure
Constructive validity
Measures what it intends to
Reliability
A test is considered reliable if it yields similar results each time it is administered
Test-retest reliability
Same test on two occasions
Split half reliability
Two equal halves
Stereotype threat
Negative outcome for outgroup
Stereotype lift
Positive outcome for ingroup
Flynn effect
IQ scores across much of the world have generally increased over time
Achievement tests
Current measure of understanding
Example: math final
Aptitude tests
Future performance
Example: SAT
Fixed mindset
Intelligence is fixed from birth (basically, you are either born smart or you are born stupid, and you cannot change the way you are born)
Growth mindset
Intelligence is malleable due to experience
