Unit 2.1.1 Attitudes/Person Perception Flashcards
1
Q
Cognition/Cognitive
A
- Mental action/process
- Acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, + the senses
2
Q
Social cognition
A
How we interpret, analyse, remember, + use info to make judgements about others in different social situations
3
Q
Person perception
A
- Mental processes
- Used to form our impressions of other people
4
Q
Bias
A
- Disproportionate weight in favour of or against an idea or thing
- Usually in a way that’s close-minded, prejudical or unfair
- Often leading to error
5
Q
Halo effect
A
- Cognitive bias
- When one impression (physical appearance) of a person influences our beliefs about their other qualities
6
Q
Social categorisation
A
- Mental shortcut
- Used in person perception
- To categorise people into groups based on their shared characteristics
7
Q
Ingroup
A
Any group that a person belongs to or identifies with
8
Q
Outgroup
A
Any group that a person doesn’t belong to/identify with
9
Q
Salient
A
- Any personal characteristic that is prominent or noticeable compared to its surroundings
- Gender, race, clothing, etc
10
Q
Attributions
A
- Inferences that we make about the causes of events + behaviours
- Both of our own + others
11
Q
Internal/personal attributions
A
- When we judge behaviour as being caused by something personal within an individual
- E.g. age, intelligence
12
Q
External/situational attributions
A
- When we judge a behaviour as being caused by situational factors occurring outside the individual
- E.g. enviro someone’s in, events out of their control
13
Q
Fundamental attribution error
A
- Tendency to overestimate personal factors + ignore situational factors
- When judging the behaviour of others
14
Q
Just-world hypothesis
A
- Cognitive bias
- When people believe that the world is fair + just and that everyone gets what they deserve
15
Q
Attitude
A
An evaluation a person makes about other people, objects, issues, or anything else.
