Unit 2- Week 2 Flashcards
a) T/F: DP originated from HP
b) T/F: DP is more important than HP
a) F. HP originated from DP
b) F. We need both
Explain the HP vs the DP perspectives for each topic
a) health
b) health model
c) aim
d) concerns
e) type of strategies
f) type of approach
g) type of measures
h) what it studies
i) what is needed to achieve the goals
a) HP = multidimensional and positive
DP = narrow, absence of disease
b) HP= participatory model - patient oriented
DP = medical model - body needs to be fixed if broken
c) HP = population + environment
DP= high risk groups
d) HP = many issues
DP= one pathology
e) HP = diverse
DP = one-shot
f) HP = facilitating + enabling
DP = directive and persuasive
g) HP = incentive to everyone
DP = directive to target group
h) HP = changes in health from environment
DP = individual or high risk groups
i) HP = governments, individuals, organizations, health professionals- everyone!
DP = preventative programs, health professionals
Answer based on HE:
a) HE is (planned/unplanned?) learning experiences to facilitate (voluntary/unvoluntary?) change behaviour
b) concerned with health _____ behaviour for disease prevention
c) T/F: immunization programs and family planning are examples of HE
d) T/F: HE is mainly concerned on promoting lifestyle changes for wellness.
a) planned, voluntary
b) directed
d) T
e) F. not concerned about promoting lifestyle changes
What are the critiques of HE?
- HE does not consider lifestyle to influence health of the population and there are not enough influential forces promoting HE.
- too much emphasis on disease prevention/treatments and not enough focus on lifestyle changes and other environmental factors (SDH) that have an influence on how easy it is for people to make healthy choices
What is lifestyle? How does HP encompass lifestyle
patterns of choices or behaviours that are made based on what a person’s socio-economic status is. HP considers that a person’s lifestyle is altered by the environment in which they are born into and grow up in. Negative lifestyle choices are sometimes made because people do not have any other options (they lack SDH) and HP recognizes this factor rather than putting the blame on the person themselves
a) What is disease from a submolecular level?
b) why is using submolecular strategies for addressing ill-health bad?
a) Disease from a submolecular level is used for precision medicine in the medical model and plays into the idea that the person is a machine that needs to be fixed when broken
b) does not focus on the whole person and neglects social, cultural, and behavioural influences on health. In health care that uses submolecular treatment, they fail to recognize SDH as an aspect of care
a) T/F: inequities are only present after a person is born
b) T/F: people with low income are not at risk for a shorter lifespan
c) First nations on reserve were measured to be ___% food insecure while first nations on reserve were ___%
d) recent immigrants are __x as likely to live in housing that is unaffordable, too crowded or unclean
a) F. they begin in the womb and carry on throughout life
b) F. they live shorter lives on average
c) 38%, 19%
d) 2x
Answer based on First Nations and health inequalities:
a) how are inequalities rooted in colonization?
b) Colonization has resulted in a lot of unaddressed __________ trauma
c) what are 3 identifiers for addressing inequalities among First Nations people?
a) colonization has resulted in forced displacement, residential schools, and banning/loss of cultural practices
b) intergenerational
c) the calls to action, UN declaration of rights of Indigenous people, truth and reconciliation report
Give an example of equality vs equity? What can we do to address inequity in general?
Equality = giving the same treatment to everyone involved
equity = giving unique treatments so that everyone can benefit
to address inequity we should remove the systemic barriers
Answer based on health inequalities/inequities:
a) T/F: in Canada, due to our universal health care system, our health care systems are considering the SDH leading to inequalities
b) Health inequalities are _______.Health equities are ________
c) give examples of health inequalities and equities based on the answer from b)
a) F. Despite universal health care which promises health care for all Canadians despite their employment, background, race, etc., health care systems still do not consider the SDH that can lead to many health inequalities
b) unavoidable, avoidable
c) inequality = genetics (obesity), inequity = income level (having obesity but not having access to health food choices)
what is equity stratification?
reporting on indicators of health that can measure inequities among people. Such as age, sex, income, geography etc.
what is CIHI? what is the CIHI toolkit?
the Canadian institute for health information provides data for accelerating improvements in healthcare and population health
the toolkit helps to plan the analysis and report findings by identifying the health differences and closing the gap
a)What are the 3 components in the WHO framework for SDH?
b) T/F: The links between these determinants are independent and do not influence each other.
a) 1. structural determinants = socio, economic and political context that people live in. How the policies made can lead to unequal distribution of material resources and affect a person’s socio-economic status (income, education, gender, race)
2. intermediary determinants = exposure, vulnerability and outcome of health resulting from material circumstances like adequate housing, food security, work environments, psychosocial factors etc.
3. social cohesion and capital
b) F. the determinants are not independent and influence each other
a) what are 2 supports of HP that are conducive to health?
b) HE uses ____ based practices or the ____ theory to allow people to acquire knowledge and skills about adopting healthy habits
c) without HE, HP would be a _________________. What does this mean?
a) ecological and educational
b) evidence, sound
c) manipulative social engineering enterprise. this means to manipulate human feelings with fear or curiosity to carry out schemes
Answer based on measuring health:
a) life expectancy for males is ___, women is ___, overall average is ___
b) death is a ____ event and the most clear indication of ______ status
c) _____ is not reflective of the intended _____ of HP
a) 79.9, 84, 82
b) defined, health status
c) death, outcome
