Unit 2- Readings

Question 1

1. T/F: the root causes of health inequities are behavioural and genetic
2. Why is it a problem that we frame inequities as unfair consequences to those who are disadvantaged and not consider how the same structures give unearned advantage (privilege) to others?
3. people in positions of privilege need to learn about ______ the unjust ______ that produce health inequities

Answer 1

1. F. The root causes are social, political and economic
2. if inequity is framed only as a problem facing people who are disadvantaged, then actions to help will only target the needs of these groups without considering the social structures causing the disadvantages –> we are not tackling both problems and continuing to let unfair social systems get away with perpetuating inequities among those who are disadvantaged in society
3. resisting, structures

Question 2

the _______ explains how social structures produce BOTH unearned advantage and disadvantage

Answer 2

coin model

Question 3

the coin model takes an __________ approach. what does this mean?

Answer 3

intersectional approach. considers the interacting and intersecting forms of inequalities (racism, sexism, agism, ableism) and how these produce privilege and oppression

Question 4

The “coin model of privilege and critical allyship: implications for health” article has 2 calls to action for those working in health care. What are they?

Answer 4

1. to recognize their positions of privilege
2. use this understanding to reorient their approach from “saving” unfortunate people to instead work in solidarity and collective action towards resisting the systems of inequity

Question 5

1. Describe the coin model (basic definition)
2. describe each component of the coin model:
   a) the coin itself
   b) the top of the coin
   c) the bottom of the coin

Answer 5

1. the coin model is used to demonstrate 2 sides of health inequities: the ones who have unearned disadvantage and the ones who have unearned privilege. It shows how social structures produce and maintain inequality like racism, sexism etc.
2. a) The coin = represents a different system or social structure of inequality. ex heterosexism
   b) the top of the coin = those with privilege and unearned advantage
   c) the bottom of the coin = oppression. you have unearned disadvantage where others do not

Question 6

Correct if false: the coins reflect the individual behaviours of good and bad people

Answer 6

F. the coins are society-level norms or structures that give unearned advantage or disadvantage regardless if people want it or are aware of it.

Question 7

Unearned advantage is _______ to see. Unearned disadvantage is ______ to see.

Answer 7

difficult, easy

Question 8

1. what does the phrase “see the gorilla” mean?
2. Why does not “seeing the gorilla” pose serious implications for addressing health inequity?
   3.

Answer 8

1. people who are on the top of the coin need to understand that the coin (unearned advantage/disadvantage) exists and understanding the position that they hold being at the top
2. privilege being unchecked can lead to an irrational sense of entitlement, expertise and access

Question 9

________ the top of the coin and the coin itself ensures that the coin remains strong
a) revealing
b) invisibilizing
d) visibilizing

Answer 9

b)

Question 10

T/F: each coin (each representing a different system of inequality) operate alone

Answer 10

F. The coins intersect like intersectionality

Question 11

experiences of oppression in one system of inequality do not negate positions of privilege in others. Give an example of this

Answer 11

a racialized person who is able bodied, may understand the effects of racism but be unaware about how their ableist privilege serves to regularly give them unearned advantage

Question 12

allyship is not an _______ but an ongoing _______

Answer 12

identity, practice

Question 13

to be a critical ally, you must learn from the ___________, which defines allyship as what?

Answer 13

anti-opression network, which defines allyship as an active, consistent and arduous practice of unlearning and re-evaluating in which a person of privilege tries to act in solidarity with a marginalized group –> how well and consistent a person recognizes they have privilege and attempts to work with those without privilege to create equity and resist unjust social systems

Question 14

the anti-opression framework defines allyship as a consistent, ______ and arduous practice of unlearning and re-evaluating in which a person of privilege seeks to operate in solidarity with a marginalized group of people

Answer 14

active

Question 15

people on the top of the coin should use their expertise to help marginalized groups with their problems. why does the term “their problems” have a negative connotation?

Answer 15

it frames it as inequities being caused by the behaviours of marginalized people as opposed to it being linked to unearned disadvantage and unjust structural systems

Question 16

which of the following ARE systems of exploitation that has led to the colonial legacy?
a) behavioural
b) ecological
c) ideological
d) institutional
e) historical
f) political
g) economic
h) cultural
i) environmental
j) structural

Answer 16

a, c, d,f,g,h

Question 17

1. what is PCL?
2. what is the purpose of the applied decolonial framework?

Answer 17

1. PCL are people who are impacted by colonialism. They can be affected by loss of culture, loss of language, taken from families, physical health, mental health, intergenerational trauma etc.
2. the purpose of the decolonial framework is to help practitioners in HP mitigate the forces of colonialism through reflection, planning and action around social justice

Question 18

what are 3 residual effects of the colonial legacy?

Answer 18

1. systemic oppressions
2. unequal perpetrations of power
3. shortcomings of the biomedical model

Question 19

1. what are the 3 overlapping domains of the decolonial framework?
2. T/F: practitioners must follow the domains in order
3. T/F: one domain can affect another one
4. T/F: using all 3 domains means that people are fully engaged in the decolonial process

Answer 19

1. reflection, planning and action
2. F. they can enter at any point depending on their experiences and needs of their work
3. T
4. T

Question 20

what is NOT a domain of the decolonial framework?

Answer 20

a) action
b) implementation
c) planning
d) reflection

Question 21

what are some things that might happen in each domain for the decolonial framework? (reflection, planning, action)

Answer 21

reflection= assess effects of colonization, critique current paradigms, decentre the frame of reference from marginalized people
planning: engage in mutual dialogue, be accountable
Action: building alliances, engage in social justice, self-determination

Question 22

T/F: In the reflection domain, the first step is to engage in mutual dialogue with other people

Answer 22

F. the first step is to decolonize your own mind and reflect on structures and worldviews as well as your own –> so you can decenter the frame of reference around marginalized people (destereotype)

Question 23

1. T/F Past forms of oppression do not effect current forms
2. relying on western thinking undermines the viability of indigenous ______
3. an example of engaging in mutual dialogue during the planning stage of decolonization is to have a __________

Answer 23

1. F
2. wisdom
3. sharing circle