Unit 2 Vocab - States of Consciousness Flashcards

1
Q

consciousness

A

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

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2
Q

biological rhythms

A

series of bodily functions regulated by your internal clock
control cycles like sleep, wakefulness, body temp, hormone secretion, etc.

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3
Q

circadian rhythms

A

the biological clock
regualr bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle

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4
Q

REM sleep

A

Rapid Eye Movement
a recurring sleep stage during which vivd dreams commonly occur
AKA paradoxical sleep bc muscles are relaxed, but other systems are active

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5
Q

ALPHA waves

A

the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

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6
Q

sleep

A

periodic, natural loss of consciousness
distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, anesthesia, or hibernation

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7
Q

hallucinations

A

false sensory experiences
(ex. seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus)

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8
Q

DELTA waves

A

the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleed

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9
Q

insomnia

A

recurring problems in falling asleep/staying asleep

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10
Q

narcolepsy

A

a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks
the sufferer may lapse into REM sleep at inopportune times

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11
Q

sleep apnea

A

a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep + repeated momentary awakenings

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12
Q

night terrors

A

sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified
occur during Stage 4 sleep - within two or three hours of falling asleep, rarely remembered

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13
Q

dream

A

a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind
notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities

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14
Q

manifest content

A

according to Freud - remembered storyline of a dream

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15
Q

latent content

A

according to Freud - the underlying meaning of a dream

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16
Q

REM rebound

A

the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep depravation; created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep

17
Q

hypnosis

A

a social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur

18
Q

posthypnotic suggestions

A

a suggestion made to the subject while in a hypnotic trance, to be acted upon at some time after emerging from the trance

19
Q

dissociation

A

a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

20
Q

psychoactive drug

A

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

21
Q

tolerance

A

the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect

22
Q

withdrawal

A

the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

23
Q

physical dependence

A

a physiological need for a drug that is marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug discontinued

24
Q

psychological dependence

A

a psychological need to use a drug such as to relieve negative emotions

25
addiction
compulsive drug craving and use despite adverse consequences
26
depressants
drugs (alcohol, barbiturates, opiates, etc.) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
27
barbiturates
drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement
28
opiates
opium and its derivatives (morphine, heroin) depress neural activity, temporarily lessen pain and anxiety
29
stimulants
drugs (caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
30
amphetamines
drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up bodily functions and associated energy and mood changes
31
methamphetamines
a powerful addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes over time - appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels
32
ecstasy (MDMA)
synthetic drug that alters mood and perception
33
hallucinogens
psychadelic (mind-manifesting) drugs that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory inputs
34
LSD
a powerful hallucinogenic drug AKA acid
35
THC
the major active ingredients in marijuana triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations
36
near-death experience
an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death often similar to drug induced hallucinations
37
dualism
the view that the mind and body both exist as separate entities
38
monism
the view that the mind and body are the same entity