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US History II Study Decks > Unit 2 Test: Imperialism > Flashcards

Unit 2 Test: Imperialism Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Imperialism?

A

it is exerting control over another nation by colonial acquisition, trade, political, and economic policies…..or empire building

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2
Q

Josiah Strong:

A
  • American Protestant clergyman
  • leader of the Social Gospel movement
  • wrote “Our Country”
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3
Q

Rudyard Kipling:

A
  • English journalist, novelist, poet, and short-story writer
  • wrote “The White Man’s Burden”
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4
Q

Alfred Mahan:

A
  • wrote “The Influence of Sea power Upon History”
  • a US naval officer and historian
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5
Q

What was one possible avenue to American expansion?

A
  • seize lands held by other foreign powers
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6
Q

What year did Spanish hold Cuba?

A

1898

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7
Q

Since when has Cuba been in open revolt against being ruled?

A

1895

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8
Q

What is yellow journalism?

A

a practice of using sensational headlines to sell newspapers

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9
Q

Who is William Randolph Hearst

A

Journalist for the New York Journal

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10
Q

Who is Joseph Pulitzer?

A

Journalist for New York World

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11
Q

Who was the Spanish General Valeriano Weyler?

A
  • held concentration camps
  • 300,000 people suffered starvation & abuse
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12
Q

What was the De Lome Letter?

A
  • February 1898: Lome (Spanish minister to US) wrote a stinging letter about McKinley
  • letter was stolen and Hearst published it
  • De Lome was called back to Spain and Spanish government apologized
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13
Q

What happened to the USS Warship Maine?

A
  • destruction of ship in Cuba on February 17, 1898
  • 258 Americans died
  • spark of war with Spain
  • event sensationalized by yellow journalism
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14
Q

What happened during the Spanish-American War in Cuba?

A
  • lasted 113 days
  • US army severely outnumbered
  • led by General William Shafter
  • men died mostly from yellow fever
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15
Q

How was Teddy Roosevelt relavent during this time?

A
  • resigned as Assistant Secretary of the Navy
    formed a regiment called Rough Riders
  • stormed San Juan Hill
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16
Q

What was the Tenth Cavalry Regiment?

A
  • the “forgotten” part of the Rough Rider’s legend which was that they had been aided by the all-black 10th Cavalry Regiment
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17
Q

Who was the Rough Riders led by?

A

Leonard Wood, but organized by Teddy Roosevelt

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18
Q

What were reasons to imperalize?

A
  • desire for power
  • cultural motices
  • economic motives
  • White Man’s Burden
  • military motives
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19
Q

Where was Spain’s Pacific fleet located?

A

Philippines (Manila Bay)

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20
Q

Which Admiral attacked Manila Bay?

A

Admiral George Dewey

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21
Q

Where were the 3 areas of battle?

A
  1. Cuba
  2. Puerto Rico
  3. Philippines
22
Q

What was the result of the Spanish-American War?

A

Spanish General Admiral Pascual Cervera was forced out of Santiago and defeated at sea by American Admiral William T. Sampson

23
Q

What was the result of the Treaty of Paris?

A
  • US gets the islands of the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico (Caribbean)
  • Cuba remains independent (with heavy US influence)
  • Spain is awarded $20M for its losses from the US
24
Q

What were some US Anti-imperialist Critiques?

A
  • US seems hypocritical to many –> we condemn European empire building, now we are creating our own
  • War was supposed to be about liberating Cuba, not conquering/acquiring the Philippines
25
Q

What was the cost of the Spanish American War?

A
  • Spain & US signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10, 1898 & established the independence of Cuba, ceded Puerto Rico & Guam to US, who gave Spain $20M
  • US spent $250M & lost 3,000 lives
    - 90% = diseases
26
Q

What was the Platt Amendment?

A

treaty between the US and Cuba that attempted to protect Cuba’s independence from foreign intervention

27
Q

How was the US able to acquire Alaska?

A
  • US bought Alaska for 2 cents an acre from Russia in 1876
  • purchased for $7.2M
  • championed by William Henry Seward, the secretary of state under President Andrew Johnson
28
Q

What came out of Hawaii that was the most important for the US?

A

sugar

29
Q

What was the McKinley Tariff?

A

raised taxes on imported sugar

30
Q

What is coup d’etat?

A

the removal and seizure of a government & its powers. Typically, it is an illegal, unconstitutional seizure of power by a political faction, the military or dictator

31
Q

Who is Sanford B. Dole?

A
  • Hawaiian businessman
  • Helped overthrow Queen Liliuokalani
  • Helped get USA to annex Hawaii as a territory
  • First territorial governor of Hawaii
32
Q

Who is Queen Lili’uokalani

A
  • Last reigning queen and sovereign monarch of the Hawaiian Kingdom until 1893
  • Provided for the care of orphaned children of Hawaiian blood and other destitute children
  • Scholar, musician, and composer
33
Q

What countries were part of the Spheres of Influence?

A
  • Germany
  • England
  • France
  • Russia
  • Japan
34
Q

Boxing Rebellion:

A
  • 1900
  • Chinese nationalist (the First of Righteous Harmony / Boxers) attacked Western property and Christians
  • A multinational force of five nations, including the US, invaded China to put down the rebellion
  • China forced to pay the US $330 million
  • The BOXER REBELLION marked the first time US armed forces invaded another continent without aiming to acquire the territory
35
Q

What was the Open Door Policy?

A

US Secretary of State John Hay - requested that all nations agree to free trade with China

36
Q

Russo-Japanese War:

A
  • disputes over Manchuria
  • war went poorly for Russia
  • TR wanted peace –> meeting in NH to negotiate a peace treaty
  • TR got a noble peace prize for his efforts
  • Japan is now a global power
37
Q

The Battle of Tsushima:

A

final naval battle of the Russo-Japanese War

38
Q

What places did the US control at the end of the 1800s?

A
  • Alaska
  • Hawaii
  • Guam
  • Philippines
  • American Samoa
39
Q

What was the Monroe Doctrine of 1823?

A

declared the Western Hemisphere forever free from European expansion

40
Q

What did the Great White Fleet contain?

A

4 destroyers and 16 battleships

41
Q

Roosevelt Corollary 1904:

A

The US would intervene in any Latin American country engaged in chronic wrongdoing

42
Q

Disadvantages and advantages to creating a Canal in Panama:

A

DA: mountainous terrain and thick forests
A: short isthmus & largely at sea level

43
Q

Disadvantages to creating a Canal in Nicaragua:

A
  • volcanic activity
  • longer distance
44
Q

Clayton-Bulwer Treaty:

A

agreeing never to build a canal, so neither nation could benefit over the other

45
Q

Hay-Pauncefote Treaty:

A

Allowed the US to build and fortify the canal providing the US agreed to charge all nations the same fees to use the canal

46
Q

Hay Herran Treaty:

A

Granted US permission to lease a 6 mile strip of land at an annual fee

47
Q

Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty:

A

granting the US a 10 mile strip of land

48
Q

What year did the US start the construction of the Panama Canal?

A

1907

49
Q

Who solved the issue regarding diseases, yellow fever, and malaria?

A

Dr. Walter Reed & William Gorga

50
Q

What year was the Panama canal completed and how much did it cost?

A

1914 & $345M

US History II Study Decks (4 decks)

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